3 New taxa of butterflies of Asian Russia, from Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) and Korshunov (1996, 1998)
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ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONS OF THE TAXA OF BUTTERFLIES (Lepidoptera, Diurna) DESCRIBED IN 1995, 1996 AND 1998 IN THREE RUSSIAN EDITIONS BY YU.P. KORSHUNOV AND COLLEAGUES,
as translated into English by Oleg Kosterin.

In 1995 Y. Korshunov with P. Gorbunov (Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995) have published in Ekaterinburg, in Russian in 400 copies, a handbook of butterflies of the Asian part of Russia, which contained a lot of new taxa and some new names proposed to replace the homonyms. Unfortunately, information on these taxa is not so far available for a world-wide community of lepidopterologists. However, it is inevitable for their taxonomical work, even if they would not agree with some of these taxa. Later Y. Korshunov has published (in 200 copies Novosibirsk) the corrections and extensive new data in a special issue (Korshunov, 1996), which as well contained a number of new taxa and new names, and, in 1998, another analogous correction (Korshunov, 1998), as well with new descritions. English translations of all these descriptions are now available, which are suggested here for a kind attention of lepidopterologists. Several taxa were described in those books by other authors, and they are also included here. These are exact translations of the original descriptions. Small corrections or explanations are introduced into them in square brackets where necessary, in some cases relevant systematic notes are added below. Which taxon was published in which work can be inferred from the years of descriptions. An abbreviation "f.w.l." means "the fore wing length".

The type materials of the new taxa are kept in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum at the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, partly - in the Institute of Ecology of Plants and Animals, the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg.

Translator's notes: Translation into another language always helps to formulate the sense better. It is useful for a translator to make some suggestions to the athor to express some details in some other way to make them more precise, correct or concise. This is just the thing I was not able to afford myself when translating these original Russian descriptions. In many points I would advice the authors to formulate their notions in a more direct and precise way in Russian. (In particular, descriptions in (Korshunov, 1998) are extremely bad, to my opinion, and the corresponding taxa often seem to be very weak). Yet I had to preserve their style and terminology as much as both the foreign language as such and my notion of it allowed. I hope a reader would kindly take it into account.

     Spialia orbifer pseudolugens P. Gorbunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "...For Siberia and Primorye the taxon lugens Staudinger, 
1886, stated from the region of the Ferghana town, was reported 
(de Jong, 1978). It seems, however, an independent species of no 
relation to the fauna of North Asia. Butterflies from S Ural, S. 
Siberia, and the mountains of E Kazakhstan are close to the 
nominotypical subspecies (V. und A. Lukhtanov, 1994). From a 
typical lugens from the Pamiro-Alai Mts. they differ by a dark 
ground colour of the wing upperside, small size of white marks, 
an even colouration of the hind wing underside (without pale-
brown spots), and also the male genitalia structure. Fro, the 
subspecies orbifer they differ by more elongate wings and muddy-
greenish-brown ground colour of the wing underside (which is 
usually brown in the subspecies orbifer). By these characters a 
subspecies Spialia orbifer pseudolugens P. Gorbunov, sbsp. n. is 
being stated. F.w.l. in the type series is 11.2-13.2 mm in males 
and 13.1-13.8 in females. The hind wing underside ground colour 
in females is brown-ochre, much lighter than in males. 
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 10.06.1994, W Altai, the 
station Turgusun environs, the Osinovka River valley (P.Yu. 
Gorbunov). Paratypes: 9 males 1 female - the same locality; 2 
males - 28.05.1995, the same locality (Yu.A. Shevnin);  2 males 
- 16.06.1992, SE Altai, the village Aktash (V.G. Barkhatov); a 
female - 29.06.1986, S. Ural, the station Poletaevo (A. 
Razboinikov); 8 males 2 females - [the date was dropped, it is 
12.06.1993] the Dzhungarian Alatau Mt. Chain, the environs of 
the village Tekeli [in fact it is a city - Yu. K.], the Kora 
River, 1500 m (V. Dubatolov, O. Kosterin)." 


     Pyrgus serratuilae shukshini Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996

     Original description:
   "For the mountains of S Siberia a new subspecies is being 
descrobid - Pyrgus serratuilae shukshini Korshunov et Ivonin, 
sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 14 mm. On the fore wing upperside the 
white spots are distinct and on the hind wing they are diffuse, 
greyish-white on the brownish-black background. The hind wing 
underside is ground-green with white spots with distinct margins;
there is a large white oval spot at the wing base and the fore 
margin, and a double rectangular spot at the cell is well 
expressed. In the nominotypical subspecies the spot at the anal 
angle of the hind wing is not roundish and the spot at the cell is 
of an irregular shape. In [P.s.] uralensis these spots present in 
some specimens, but the butterflies are small, with larger white 
spots on the wing upperside. The hind wing underside has more white 
scales on the ground colour.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 14 mm. The wing upperside is as in 
the male, the hind wing is darker, almost without spots. In other 
females greyish-white spots are more noticeable on the hind wing. 
The patterin of the underside is as in males. The fringe in both 
sexes is chequered.
   The butterflies from Tuva are similar with shukshini by all the 
characters, but they are smaller, f.w.l. being 11-13 mm.
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 12.06.1995, Altai, the Chibit 
village surroundings, the Chuya River valley, a forb meadow (V. 
Ivonin). The allotype: a female, the same locality and date. 
Paratypes: 4 males 3 females - 12.06.1995, the same locality; a 
male - 10.06.1902, the Katun' River, Ustyuba (G. Orlov); a male 
- 14.08.1959, Altai, the village Kurai (L. Zheltikova), a male - 
17.08.1960, teh same locality; a male - 9.06.1974, Altai, the 
village Berkh-Kukuya, the Cherginskii Mt. Range (V. Dubatolov); 
a male - 13.06.1989, the Novosibirsk Region, the upland [very 
low] Sokur, the village Acha (Yu. Korshunov), a female - 
17.06.1982, the same locality; a female - Tuva, Lake Azas (V. 
Zinchenko); a male - 23.07.1988, Kyzyl (V. Zinchenko); a male 
and female - 16.06 znd 3.07.1988, Tuva, 35 km west of the 
village Samagaltai, theShivilig-Khem River left bank (M. 
Sergeev); a male - 17.07.1990, the same locality (O. Kosterin); 
a male - 1.07.1963.
   The new subspecies is named by the surname of Shukshin, 
Vasilii Makarovich (1929-1974), a well known Siberian writer 
born in Altai."


     Three new subspecies of Hesperia comma (Linnaeus, 1758) 
have been described from Siberia (Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995).  
It was stated that "a variation exists in females within these 
subspecies, and they have certain differences in configuration 
of the teeth on the valva  and  other details of male 
genitalia." In (Korshunov, 1996) iis stated that they differ from the 
nominotypical subspecies by the ground colour, the spots, the 
presence of their dark rims; in the male genitalia there are 
differences in the shape of teeth on the valva. In the lateral 
view the apical processus of the valva bears small teeth in ssp. 
sushkini and is lower than the basal spine, in ssp. planula the 
processus lacks teeth and is on the same level as the basal 
spine, in ssp. lena the processus is lower than the spine and is 
covered with uneven knobs.  


    Hesperia comma lena Korshunov et P.Gorbunov, 1995.

     Original description:
  "HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 16 mm. The wing upperside is 
relatively dark, brown with fulvous spots; the underside of the 
hind wing and of the fore wing apex are of a muddy-green ground 
colour, the inner margin of the hind wing underside being 
yellowish; the white spots are contrasted but their dark rims are 
not distinct as being hidden by muddy-green scales.
   ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 15 mm. On the wing upperside the 
dark-fulvous colour is to a great extent displaced by dark-brown 
scales. The androconial stroke contains a light stria inside. The 
hind wing underside is muddy-green, with a fulvous suffusion at 
the anal angle and  with roundish and angular white spots, their 
dark rims being masked by the scales of the ground colour. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a female, the Suntar-Khayata mountain 
range, 356th km of road Khandyga-Magadan, a damp meadow on the 
Suntar river bank, 19th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); the
allotype: a male, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, 232-nd km 
of road Khandyga-Magadan, a mountain Baranya, 1600 m altitude, 
7th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); paratypes: male and female - 
C. Yakutia, settlement Khaptagay, the Tamma river valley, 20th 
July 1973 (Yu.N.Ammosov leg.); 10 males 8 females - Suntar-
Khayata mountain range, 232-nd km of road Khandyga-Magadan, 
16th-27nd June and 1si-22th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); 2 
females, Yakutsk, Botanical Garden, (V.V.Dubatolov leg.), a male 
- NW. Chukotka, 100 km south of settlement Pevek, Ust'-Chaun, 
24th July 1986 (V.K.Zinchenko leg.)."


    Hesperia comma planula Korshunov, 1995.

Original description:
  "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 15 mm. The fore wing apex is more 
pointed than in the nominotypical subspecies; the fore wing 
upperside is light-fulvous with less amount of dark scales; the 
androconial stroke contains a conspicuous light streak; the hind 
wing underside is yellowish-green (while in Swedish specimens it 
is olive-green) with angular white spots.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 16 mm. On the fore wing upperside 
the yellow scales cover not all the white spots, this especially 
concerns the spots at the outer margin. The hind wing underside 
is yellowish-green with large white spots in dark rims.
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male,  Novosibirsk region, 
settlement Karasuk, Lake Krotovaya Lyaga, a birch grove edge, 
29th July 1981 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); the allotype: a female,  
Novosibirsk region, 10 km NNW of town Zdvinsk, a steppefied 
meadow at a road, 14th August 1990 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); 
paratypes: a female, environs of Barnaul,29th July 1902 
(E.G.Rodd, leg.); 1 male 2 females - Novosibirsk region,  
village Novyy Sharap, birch kolki 8th, 19th, and 28th August 
1957; a female - the same locality, 2nd August 1959; Novosibirsk 
region, railway station Izdrevaya, 1st July 1959; a male - 
Tyumen' region, village Oktyabr'skoe, the Ob' bank, 9th July 
1969 (Yu.P.Korshunov leg.); a male - surroundings of 
Chelyabinsk, 30th July 1979 (A.E.Kulyginskiy leg.); a female - 
Chelyabinsk region: town Troitsk surroundings, 14th August 1982 
(M.F.Manapov leg.); 1 male 5 females - Novosibirsk region, 
settlement Karasuk, Lake Krotovaya Lyaga, 23th July 1981; a male 
- the same locality, 10th August 1990; a female - the same 
locality, 11th August 1990 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); a male - 
Novosibirsk region, 10 km NNW of town Zdvinsk, 19th August 1990 
(V.V.Dubatolov leg.)."


     Hesperia comma sushkini Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
  "HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 18 mm. All the light-yellow 
spots are distinct on a dark ground colour of the wing 
upperside; the hind wing upperside is grey-green with a light-
grey inner border; the scales at the anal angle are lighter than 
others and so form a conspicuous spot; the white spots are 
distinct, of intermediate size 
   ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 16 mm. The wing upperside is 
fulvous, the outer area of the fore wing and the margins of the 
hind wing are dark; the androconial stroke contains a light 
stria; the white spots of the hind wing underside are large, 
distinct, with dark rims.
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a female, Altai, the Chulyshman river 
valley, 19th August 1980 (M.Ivonina leg.); the allotype: a male, 
Altai, Katunskiy mountain range, the Nizhniy Kuragan river bank 
terrace at the mouth, a steppefied meadow, 24th July 1986 
(O.E.Kosterin leg.); paratypes: a female - Nizhnyaya Ustyuba, 
25th July 1902 (G.Orlov leg.); 3 males - N. Pribaikalye, the 
Malaya Kosa river, a larch wood edge (Velizhanin leg.); 1 male 1 
female - Novosibirsk region, Bugotakskie Sopki [Bugotak Hills] 
at settlement Semenovskiy, 5th August 1982 (V.V.Ivonin leg.); a 
male - Krasnoyarskiy Kray, the Sayano-Shushenskiy reserve, the 
Uzun-Suk river, 11-16th August 1988 (V.A.Vagin leg.); a male - 
West Altai, Glubokaya, 2nd September 1990 (V.K.Zinchenko leg.). 
   The subspecies is named after the surname of Petr Petrovich 
Sushkin (1868-1928), a known ornitologist and lepidopterologist, 
who collected Lepidoptera in the mountains of South Siberia 
togerther with S.S. Chetverikov."
     Note: the spelling "shushkini" printed in the headline of
the original description is clearly an error, since it was clearly
stated that the taxon is named after the surnameSushkin.


     Leptidea amurensis jacutia P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "Butterflies from Central Yakutia differ by a noticeable 
yellowish tint on the wing upperside and more intensive, than in 
other subspecies, ochre suffusion on the underside of the hind 
wing and on the most part, at the apex and the fore margin, of 
the fore wing. By these characters we state a subspecies 
Leptidea amurensis jacutia P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, sbsp.n. 
   MATERIALS: Holotype: a male - 2.06.1985, Yakutsk, the 
botanical garden (V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: a male - 21.06.1962, 
the same locality; 2 males - 28.05.1985, the same locality; a 
male - 2.06.1985 - the same locality."

           Pontia daplidice kulyginskyi Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"...Discovery of the taxon which we describe below belongs to
an Uralian colleague E. A. Kulyginsky. When sending us these miniature
butterflies he persuaded us much to pay a special attention to them.
All this took place still before discussion of the publications devoted
to the differences between daplidice and edusa. That time he stressed that 
in the Chelyabinsk Province in 1975-1979 he mei with exclusively large
form of the . And only at station Bredy in 1978 in August he found 
small butterflies which he at first visually confused with some light
blues.
     Having received these small imagines in 1977 we found them similar with
those small specimens of which were regularly observed by us in spring
and autumn in the Novosibirsk Province. Check of these materials
nowadays have showed a difference: only the butterflies from the South Ural
are close to daplidice, and we describe them in the memory of EUvgenii 
Aleksandrovich Kulyginskii as Pontia daplidice kulyginskyi Korshunov,
sbsp. n. F.w.l.: 17-20 mm. HOLOTYPE: a male, above and beneath its pattern,
as wellas that of the paratypes, little differ from edusa, but one can note
that the discal spot have a central lightening. ALLOTYPE: a female, which
also resembles edusa, but it, as well as the paratypes, has a black pattern on
the hind wing upperside more developed and has no a dark strope at ourer
margin at anal angle in front of the black rounded spots. Among the paratypes
a female is conspicuous with the fore wing length of 22 mm, in which a dark
suffusion is developed on the fore wing extending from the apical black
spots to the middle of the cell, while on the fore wing underside such a
suffusion is expressed only at the cell. The hind wing underside is also of
an aberrant nature as almost entire its surface is densely suffused with
yellowish-green scales, white spots being hardly noticeable in the center of the
wing and well expressed only along the margin.
MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 15.08.1978, Bredy, steppe, E. A. Kulyginsky.
Holotype - a female, 15.08.1978, the same label. Paratypes - five
males and three females - 16.08.1978, a steppefied forest edge at station
Bredy. In spring 1997 on 19th May in the Orenburg Nature Reserve, in
the Burtinskaya Steppe a male with the fore wing length of 19 mm was
collected by our colleague I. Lyubechanskii. This was a first corroboration
of a reality of the subspecies described."


     Euchloe ausonia dubatolovi Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "... The butterflies from Altai, described below, differ from 
the western subspecies by a faded muddy-green hind wing 
underside ground colour and smaller white spots. By these and 
other traits they look like a peculiar transition  (especially 
in the populationf of the Chuya River valley) to E. naina. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l: 22 mm. The wing upperside is white; 
the fore wing apex is suffused with dark scales, the suffusion 
containing three white spots; the dark discoidal spot is 
crescent-shaped. The fore wing underside is white, the dark 
discoidal spot with a contrasted light discoidal vein; the apex 
is suffused with dark and green scales and has the same white 
spots as on the upperside; the costal margin with short black 
striae. The hind wing underside is greyish-green with white spots 
of different sizes, mainly with sharp edges.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 23 mm. The wing upperside is 
white; the dark discoidal spot is large, concave on its sides, and, as 
different from E. n. naina [an error - must be E. ausonia ausonia - 
Yu.K.], is not fused [along suffused veins] with the apical 
suffusion, which contains three elongate white spots. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male, Altai, Katunskiy mt. range, 15 
km SW of village Katanda, interfluve of the Kuragan and Kucherla 
rivers, alpine meadow, 2300 m, 13th July 1983 (V.V.Dubatolov 
leg.); the allotype: a female, the same locality, 14th July 1983 
(V.V.Dubatolov leg.); paratypes: Altai, Ust'-Kan district, 
Karlinskiy Pass, 15th July 1970 (Kosinykh leg.); a male - the 
same locality as for the holotype, 12th July 1983 (V.V.Dubatolov 
leg.); 1 male 1 female - Katunskiy mt. range, the Katun' river 
headwaters at the Kapchal river mouth, 1700 m, 9th July 1987 
(O.Kosterin leg.); a male - the Kapchal valley, 2300 m, 10th 
July 1987 (O.Kosterin leg.); 2 males 1 female - the Katun' 
headwaters, stow Altyn-Bulak, an old felled land, 1800 m, 13th 
July 1987 (O.Kosterin leg.); a male - Katunskiy mt. range, lower 
reaches of the Koksu river, 1600 m, 2th July 1988 (O.Kosterin 
leg.); a male - left bank of the Koksu river, long-forb meadow 
on wood opening, 1900 m, 12th July 1988 (O.Kosterin leg.); 1 
male 2 females - the Argem (Direntay) river (a tributary of the 
Koksu) headwaters, an alpine meadow, 2200 m, 21th July 1988 
(O.Kosterin leg.); a male, Kholzun mt. range, watershed of the 
Tigirek and Khamir river headwaters, 2300 m, 17th July 1983 
(V.A.Lukhtanov leg.). 
   The subspecies is named after the surname of Vladimir 
Vladimirovich [must be Viktorovich instead of Vladimirovich - 
Yu.K.], an entomologist of ISEA (Novosibirsk) who collected a 
part of the type series of the new subspecies. " 

     Euchloe naina kuznezovi Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "...Below we describe the butterflies from the Yenisei River 
low reaches, Taymyr, and the Putorana Plateau. They are closer 
to the subspecies naina than to jacutia, but differ from the 
former by in average more narrow wings and a darker hind wing 
underside ground colour.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l: 22 mm. The wing upperside is white; 
the fore wing costal margin from the base to the discoidal vein 
is suffused with black scales, further to the apex there are 
alternating black and white patches along the margin; the 
discoidal vein is accompanied by a figured dark spot which is to 
some extent more rounded than in E. naina naina. At the apex 
there are a dark stripe 2-3 mm wide which is parallel to the 
outer margin, and dark spots at the vein endings at the margin; 
the space between the stripe and the margin being generally white 
while in E. naina naina it is almost fully suffused. On the fore 
wing underside the dark discoidal spot is larger than in E.n. 
naina. The hind wing underside is almost exactly identical to 
that of E.n. naina, but the veins are not so conspicuous.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 23 mm. On the wing upperside the 
white ground colour is almost displaced by a dark suffusion, the 
white areas remaining only in the centre and at the edges of the 
wing. The hind wing underside ground colour is greyish-green 
without a dark suffusion; the veins are not contrasted.
   MATERIALS: the holotype - the Yenisey lower reaches, the 
Irbo-Keta river middle flow, 18th July 1982 (D.M.Pupavkin leg); 
allotype - the same locality, 21st July 1982; paratypes: 5 males 
3 females - the Yenisey lower reaches, the Rybnaya river middle 
flow, 12th-21st July 1982 a male - the Yenisey lower reaches, the 
Togbym river middle flow, 12th July 1982; 14 males 11 females - 
the Yenisey lower reaches, the Irbo-Keta river middle flow, 18th 
July 1982 (D.M.Pupavkin leg); a male - Taymyr, the Ary-Mas 
forest, July 1983 (Polovinkina leg.)
   The subspecies being describing was earlier reported 
(Korshunov, 1985) as E. ausonia arctica, as it was designated in 
the labels by Nikolay Yakovlevich Kusnezov (1873-1948), a well-
known Russian lepidopterologist and zoogeographist of the first 
half of this century.     " 


     Colias palaeno gomojunovae Koshunov, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...It was Kurenzov (1970) who first noticed that Chukotka is 
inhabited by a peculiar variety of palaeno but he thought that 
it is identical to the form of Alaska, designed by him as 
schippewa (lapsus calami - Yu.K.) instead of chippewa Edw. 
However, the males of chippewa resemble our specimens only by 
the wing upperside, but the butterflies are much more yellow 
[above] and the marginal band is wider and is not cut through by 
[light] veins; the wing underside is more greenish, the discal 
spots are absent or hardly noticeable only on the fore wings. In 
the females from Alaska [I have studied 7 males and 3 females 
from there] black discal spots are seen above and beneath, the 
ground colour is yellowish. The females from Chukotka have a 
yellowish-white ground colour and no discal spots. There is also 
a difference in the genitalia, that was mentionned by Kurenzov 
(1970). By these characters we describe a new subspecies Colias 
palaeno gomojunovae Koshunov, sbsp.n. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.20 mm. The wing upperside is yellowish 
green, the marginal spots on the fore wing are wider than on the 
hind wing, the colour of the marginal band is brownish, the band 
is not cut through by light veins. There is no discal spot on 
the fore wing upperside, but it is slightly seen on the 
underside of both wings. The hind wing underside is yellowish-
green, with scattered grey scales. The fore wing underside is of 
the same colour, but grey scales present only at the costal 
margin. On the hind wing underside the silvery spot large, its 
diameter approximately equals to the length of elongate (and 
also silvery) spot on the transversal vein.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 21 mm. The wing upperside is 
yellowish-white. The marginal band at the apex is relatively 
wide, it is tapering to the anal angle, forming a kind of a 
triangle. Light spots present only in its wide part. On the hind 
wind there is only a narrow marginal streak at the fore angle. 
The discal spots are missing. The hind wing underside is muddy-
green, a silvery spot is smaller than in the male, there is an 
additional tiny round spot above it. On the fore wing upperside 
there is only traces of the discal spot, the apex is of the same 
colour as the hind wing, the rest part of the wing is light.
     In the male paratypes the marginal band is distinctly 
cut through by light veins only in 3 [of 7] specimens, which 
are worn out, in fresh specimens it is darker and is covered 
with silvery scales beckoming worn out later. 
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 30.07.1968, the Magadan 
Region, The Bilibino District (N. Gomoyunova); the allotype: 
a female - 12.07.1968, the left bank of the Khoroshaya 
River, a tributary of the Molondzha River, herbs/dwarf 
birches and willows/cloudberry (N. Gomojunova). Paratypes: 2 
males - 3 and 15.07.1967, the settlement Markovo on the 
Anadyr' River (A.G. Mirzaeva); 2 males 1 female - 12 and 
13.07.1968, the Khoroshaya River left bank; a male - 
19.07.1969, the 
Molondzha River floodland; 2 males 2 females - 10 and 
14.07.1969, the Magadan Region, the Kegali River, a larch 
parkland with the dwarf birches and willows; 2 males - 25.07 
1nd 2.08.1986, West Chukotka, [the settelment] Ust'-Chaun, 
100 km south of Pevek (V. Dubatolov).
   The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of Nina 
Petrovna Gomojunova (1933-1973) - an entomologist and 
parasitologist of the Biological Institute of Siberian 
Division of the Academy of Sciences, who collected in 
Chukotka following the nomadic rain-deer breeders. She 
tragically perished in an aircraft cetestrophe."


     Colias chrysotheme elena P. Gorbunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "...Below we describe very peculiar butterflies of the Altai 
Mountains, the Sayans, and the mountains of Tuva, differing from 
lowland subspecies by a more even and bright colouration of the 
wing upperside, narrower light [streaks along the] veins in the 
dark marginal band in males and darker and more contrasted 
colouration of females, which tend to resemble C. thisoa by 
these characters.
   Colias chrysotheme elena P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n.
   MALE: F.w.l. 24.4-27.9 mm (26.2 mm in the holotype). The wing 
upperside is light-orange with a narrow yellowish stripe along 
the fore wiong fore margin and an area of the same colour at the 
anal margin of the hind wing. A slight suffusion with dark 
scales is noticeable on the hind wing. The marginal band on the 
fore wing in its middle part is 3.5-5 mm wide, usually all over 
its length it is cut through with narrow light [streaks along 
the] veins, which most often don't reach the fringe. The maximum 
width of the marginal band on the hind wing is 2.4-4 mm; light 
venal streaks  on it are even narrower than on the fore wing, in 
some specimens they are hardly seen at the internal margin of 
the band. Underside the ground colour of the hind wing is 
yellow, that in the central area of the fore wing is orange-
yellow, the pattern is as in the subspecies andre. The genitalia 
are alike those in C. chrysotheme andre and C. thisoa [the statement 
concerning thisoa is evidently of no relevance - Yu.K].  
   FEMALE: F.w.l. 25.5-28.7 mm (27.6 mm in the allotype). The 
fore wing upperside is bright orange-red (while in the 
subspecies andre they are yellwoish-orange or orange-yellow) 
with a dark suffusion in the basal area and at the fore margin. 
The marginal band on the fore wing is blackish-brown, 4.8-6.0 mm 
wide in its narrowest part, with very contrasted 6-7 yellwo 
spots. The black discal spot is large, usually of a triangular 
shape. The hind wing upperside is muddy-orange (much darker than 
in the females of andre) with an orange discal spot about 2 mm 
in diameter. On the hind wing the marginal band contains two 
yellow spots at the apex, four other yellow spots interrupt the 
band fusing with the ground colour at its internal margin. The 
discal spot is oval-shaped, 3.0-3.6 mm long. The wing upperside 
ground colour is greenish-yellow, but orange in the central area 
of the fore wing. There is a row of 3-5 black spots along the 
outer margin of the wore wing. The discal spot on the fore wing 
underside is somewhat larger than on the upperside and contains 
a light dot. On the hind wing underside just above an oval 
silvery discal spot there is an additional small silvery spot.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 29.06.1993, SE Altai, the 
village Aktash (V. Barkhatov). The allotype: a female - 
26.07.1982, Tuva, Choon-Khem (O. Fileva). Paratypes: 3 males - 
2-3.07.1971 , Tuva, the settlement Shuurmak,a steppe (S. 
Nikolaev); a female - 25.06.1971, the same locality; a female - 
16.07.1980, Altai Mts., the Seminskii Pass (Yu. Korshunov); 2 
males - 25.06.1992, SE ALtai, the village Aktash (V. Barkhatov); 
14 males 1 female - 27-29.06.1993, the same locality."


   Colias thisoa nikolaevi Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"     Specimens from the mountains of S Siberia have differences and we
describe them as
C. thisoa nikolaevi Korshunov, sbsp. n.
Holotype - a male. F.w.l. 25 mm. The wing  uppertside intensive yellow
with a weak violet flash, while in the western butterflies they are
red-yellow with a stronger flash. As different from the nominotypic
subspecies the black border is somewhat narower. The silvery spot on
the hind wing underside larger.
    In females fore wing upperside red-orange, brighter than in males. As
compared with other subspecies, their wings are less suffused with black
and red scales. Fore wing outer margin quite straight. The dark border
at anal angle above fore wing narrower than in the Tien Shan race
urumtsiensis Verity, 1909, without a violet tint, it contains relatively
large yellow spots of different size.
MATERIALS: holotype - a male, 20.06.1960. Altai, Kurai, the stow Tyurguno,
a steppen patch. Paratypes - five females - 14.07.1959, Chuiskaya Step',
the Yustyd' River valley at village Ak-Tal, two males - 11.07 and 27.08.1960,
Kurai, the stow Argatyt, a female and male - 20.07.1960, Kurai, a male and
three females - 7.07.1973, the valley to Aktru, 12 km south of Kurai, meadows
in front of a forest, a male - 2.07.1986, Altai Nature Reserve, Lake
Dzhulukul', 2200 m, N. Zolotukhin, a male - 20.07.1972, Tuva, Moren, a
river valley, J. Vijdalepp, three males, two females - 10.06.1992, village
Aktash, Kurai Mt. Range, a steppefied slope, 2100 m, V. Barkhatov.
   The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergei L'vovich Nikolaev, who
collected many ALtai butterflies for the Zoological Museum collection and
was our faithful comrade in varuious Siberian expeditions."


     GENUS RODDIA Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
"Type species: Papilio l-album Esper, 1780.
   A monotypic Holarctic genus. The imago fore wing length is 26-
32 mm. The wing shape and pattern resemble those of both 
Polygonia and Nymphalis genera. The wing outer margin is 
toothed. The wing upperside is reddish-fulvous with rather large 
black spots and a white spot at the costal margin of each wing. 
The wing bases are covered with dense soft hairs. The wing 
underside is brown, the postdiscoidal area being lighter, with 
dark strokes or reddish-brown.
   The taxon is named in the honour of a forester and 
entomologist Eugeniy Georgievich Rodd (1871-1933), an explorer 
of Altai and the Upper Priobye." 


     Euphydryas iduna semenovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996

     Original description:
   "The upland Kuznetskoe Nagorye is inhabited by 
bright butterflies almost twice as large [as E. iduna sajana 
Higgins, 1950], the females being larger than males. 
Specimens occur among them with a darker pattern, alike ab. 
sulitelmica Schultz, 1906. These large butterflies are 
designated here as E. iduna semenovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 
sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 24 mm. The pattern is as in the 
main form, but light elements are more distinct and 
suffusion with dark scales is diminished on them. There are 
small dark spots at the vein ends.
   ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 20 mm. The light elements of the 
pattern above are suffused with grey and dark scales, 
especially at the fulvous band. Beneath the light elements 
are as in the female.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a female - 14.7.1975, Khakassia, 
surroundings of the mountain Bobrovaya, a stream being a 
tributary of the Sarala River (Yu. Korshunov). The allotype: 
a male - 7.07.1975, the same locality, on a dandelion 
inflorescence. Paratypes: 47 males 15 females - 7-
14.07.1975, the same locality; 5 males 3 females, 30.06-
9.07.1996, the Kedrovaya River Valley at the mountain 
Chemodan; 8 males 1 female, 4.07.1996, the valley of the 
Krasnaya Rechka River, a tributary of the Srednyaya Ters' 
River; 5 males 3 females - 5.07.1996, the mountain Stanovoi 
Khrebet [not to confuse with homonymic mountain range in 
Transbaikalia]; 1 male - 6.07.1996, a lake at the mountain 
Medvezhya; 1 male 1 female - 8 and 10.07.196, meadows at the 
mountains Chemodan and Lysaya (V. Ivonin). 
   In general, the butterflies prefer meadows with Viola 
altaica on mountains slopes and at screes. They were noticed 
to feed on the flowers of valeriana, Bistorta bistorta, 
Ranunculus, taraxacum, rarely on Umbelliferae. 
   The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of our teacher 
Semenov, Boris Sergeevich, which as long ago as in 20s 
collected Lepidoptera in these places and discovered 
Argynnis sagana in the ters' Rivers basin. For a long tome 
he was a head of the Nature division of the Novosibirsk 
Museum of Local Lore. "


     Euphydryas iduna alferakyi Korshunov [et P. Gorbunov, 
that was omited in the publication - Yu.P.] 1996

     Original description:
   "...Yakutian butterflies differ from others, They look 
mottled. differ from the typical ones by pure white and 
brick-red spots on both wing sides and a larger size. We 
name them Euphydryas iduna alferakyi Korshunov, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 19 mm. There is a transversal 
band of black scales on the white field on the wing 
upperside. The wing undesride have a contrasted pattern, 
characteristic to the species, and black veins.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 23 mm. Close to the male in 
the pattern and colouration but has more black scales on 
the white areas on the wing upperside.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 21.06.1985, E Yakutia, 
18 km NEE of the settlement Khandyga, the Khandyga River 
headwaters (V. Dubatolov). The allotype: a female, 
12.06.1985, E. Yakutia, the ALdan River, Khandyga, a damp 
clearing in a larch forest (V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: 2 
males, 26.06.1971, the settlement Argatakh on the 
Srednekolymskii District of Yakutia (P. Polyakova); 2 males 
1 female, 16.06 - 15.07.1973 and 1 female - 20.06.1979, the 
In'yali River headwaters, Yakutia (N. N. Vinokurov); 4 males 
- 12.06.1985, the Aldan River; 11 males 5 females - 21.06-
17.07.1985, the Khandyga River headwaters; 7 males 2 females 
- 5-20.07.1985, the Suntar River low reaches, the Indigirka 
River basin; 8 males 3 females - 17-18.07.1985, the Kyubyume 
River, the Indigirka basin (V. Dubatolov); 1 male - 
30.06.1985 - the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the mountain 
baranya (L. Popova); 1 male - 15.07.1990, E yakutia, the 
Myurale River headwaters (M. Zakharov).
   The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergey 
Nokolaevich Alferaky (1850-1918), an author of works on 
Siberia and a great number of taxa."


 
     Melitaea menetriesi westsibirica Dubatolov in Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION. Subspeceis westsibiricva Dubatolov, sbsp.n. -
Verkhnee Priobye [the Upper Ob' basin]. F.w.l. 14-19 mm. Externally little
differs from the subspeceis from the South Siberiam mountains, resembles
also aurelia. The main feature - tegumen in aurelia without distinct teeth,
in westsibirica the teeth are long while aedeagus apically has a transparent
prominence bearing a curved upwards processus, as in aurelia. These butterflies
occur sympatrically at Karasuk and southwards, in the Altaiskii Krai Province.
MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 29.06.1957, the village Novyi Sharap of 
Ordynskii District of Novosibirsk Province (Y. Korshunov). Paratypes - 3
males, 22.06.1958, 25.06.1959, the same label, a female, 
17.06.1982, village Acha of Bolotninskii District of Novosibirsk Province
(Y. Korshunov), a male, 8.06.1994, village Nizhnii Koen of Iskitim 
District of Novosibirsk Province (V. Ivonin)".


     Melitaea latonigena ukoka Korshunov, 1998. 

Original description:
"Below data are given about an isolated population of latonigena on
the Ukok Plateau (SE Altai) in the Kalguty River basin. In extremal conditions
of highland biotopes among bunch-grass tundras on a height above 2000 m.
A. V. Bondarenko found out more than two dozens of specimens which we
name here as
M. latonigena ukoka Korshunov, sbsp. n.
Males differ by a partai reduction of black pattern, females by a distinct 
black chequered pattern on the light ground colour.
HOLOTYPE. A male of 11.07.1997, f.w.l. 17 mm, of black spots on fore wing
well develped are marginal ones - at light fringe and next, and then only
in the middle of the wing close to the base. So the outer field lacks
the spots completely, while in all other forms of latonigena this
area of the wing has either black dots between the veins or even dots
fused into a chain, as in atrata. In one male of the paratypes the
central row of spots is also not expressed.
ALLOTYPE. Female of 11.07.1997. F.w.l. 18 mm, on a chequered pattern of fore 
wing a light spot in cell, situated basally of discal vein, is
distinct. It is quadrangular, in some paratypes of different shape but
invariably well expressed. In the allotype on hind wing upperside 
several plates situated closer to fore margin are orange coloured,
in paratypes some parts of fore wing also have the same colour. Pattern
of wing underside is of a latonigena type. Among specimens of the Ukok
there are several aberrant females in which wing upperside is entirely or
partly black and on wing underside with a black pattern developed in basal area.
In total the type series embraces three males and seven females, with f.w.l.
16-20 mm. Besides, I enumerate similar butterflies from the collecctions of
R. Yakovlev and V. Doroshkin, also from the Ukok Plateau. 5 females, 5 males 
- 14.07.1994, 1.07 and 5.07.1995, 25.06.1996, 10 and 15 km S of village
Szhazator, 2200 m; 4 female and 35 males - 3.07.1997, mountain Mai-Tobe, 2600
m; 2 females and 18 males - 10-12.07.1997, middle flow of the Dzhumaly
River, 2200 m."


     Meltaea sutschana graeseri P. Gorbunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "...Small (f.w.l. 18-20 mm) and very peculiar butterflies 
from the Sakhalin Island are described as Meltaea sutschana 
graeseri P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. 
   HOLOTYPE. A male. F.w.l. 20 mm. The wing upperside ground 
colour is ochre-orange, more faded than in the typical 
butterfliws. Among the black marking a row of spots on the 
middle of the wings, these spots are isolated from each other 
and more lengthwise elongate than in sutchana. On the fore wing 
upperside there are only four (also lengthwise elongate) spots 
at the fore margin. The hind wing underside ground colour is 
white with a yellow tint; the ochre-orange bands are wide, 
occupying about a half of the wing area. The light space between 
the external and the internal bands does not exceeds the width 
of the former (about 3 mm). In this space the black spots are 
close to the internal band, while in sutchana they are closer to 
the external one. The antennae and their clubs are fulvous. The 
genitalia structure is as in M. sutchana.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 2.07.1994, the Sakhalin, the 
environs of the city Yuzhnosakhalinsk (A.M. Basarukin). The 
paratype: a male - 2.07.1994, the same locality.
   We include only two specimens from the Sakhalin into the type 
series, although a male of a similar appearance was found also 
in our collections from the Lower Amurland (the Komsomol'skii 
Reserve, Bichi, 23.06.1988), and two more such males - in the 
ISEA collection from the southern Transbaikalia (Sokhondinskii 
Reserve, the Agutsa River middle flow, 9.08.1987). These facts 
rise a supposition of a species rank of the taxon being 
described, that need further materials for corroboration." 
     It should be added that the subspecies is named in the honour 
of Ludwig Karl Fridrich Graeser (1840-1913), a German 
lepidopterologist who studied butterflies on the Amur River in 1881-
1885.


     Melitaea fascelis singularia Korshunov, 1995

     The name was proposed in Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) as 
follows: "...Yu. P. Korshunov (1977) described a peculiar female 
of M. fascelis from the surroundings of Lake Hubsugul in 
Mongolia. We suggest the name Melitaea trivia singularia 
Korshunov, sbsp.n. for such butterflies." There was an obvious 
error in the species name, which should be fascelis instead of 
trivia, as it is clear from the preceding words as well as from 
the species headline: "Melitaea fascelis (Esper, 1784) (= trivia 
Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775)" Translation of the cited 
description, which should be considered as the original 
description of the subspecies, is follwoing: 
  "*Melitaea trivia Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775, ?sbsp.n.
   Hubs[ugul Aimak]: Lake Hubsugul, 26 VI (D. [V.Ch. 
Dorogostaiskii], 1 female.
   From the typical form differs by light and mottled pattern, 
somewhat elongate wings. Generally the habitus resemble that of 
M. t. ignasiti Sagarra, 1926. Probably, belong to a new 
subspecies.
   Female. The palpi are set with yellow hairs. The fore wing 
lengthis 18 mm. The wing upperside is pale-fulvous, mottled 
since black dots are small and well contrasted. On the hind wing 
underside the black strokes are narrow, do not contact 
completely to the fulvous band. The middle field is light-
yellow, not differing in colour from the basal and outer parts. 
There are two rows of four irregular black spots (dots) going from 
the fore margin to the cell in the middle field. The genitalia 
are close to those in the typical form."


     Melitaea uvarovi P. Gorbunov, 1995.

     Original description:
  "173. Melitaea uvarovi P. Gorbunov, sp.n. [Shashechnitsa 
Uvarova]
   The species is being stated by five males collected by S.V. 
Shutov in the valley of the Ural River, together with such 
spring steppen species as Zerynthhia polyxena, Triphysa phryne, 
Proterebia phygea [an error, should be "Proterebia afra" - Yu. 
P.], Thersamonia thersamon etc. From a close species M. 
fascelis, the closest population of which is known in 15 km NE 
of the place of collection of the new species (12 km S of the 
station Kuvandyk) it differs by a great number of external 
characters, and also early flight period (over-wintering in a 
phase of pupa is probable). It is not excluded that the taxon 
deing described will turn out to be conspecific to a Central 
Asian species M. robertsi Butler, having a certain similarity 
with it in appearance and life history. But now, taking into 
account the Ural populations to be so remote, we describe it in 
a species rank.
   MALE: F.w.l. 15.2-16.4 mm (15.4 mm in the holotype). The 
wings are somewhat narrower than in M. fascelis. The fore wing 
ground colourt is ochre-orange-red, noticeably darker than in a 
close Central Asian taxon M. robertsi catapelia Staudinger, 
1886. The black spots on the wing upperside are smaller and more 
clear-cut than in M. fascelis. The black marginal band is about 
1 mm wide. A row of black submarginal lunules goes along it on 
both wings, they may contact to the marginal band but do not 
form, together with it, an united marginal blackeinig, found in 
M. f. fascelis. There is a small white spot on the fore wing 
fore margin (3 mm off the apex). The basal blackeinig on the 
hind wing does not extend above the vein Cu1. The fore wing 
underside is ochre-orange with a whitish spot at the apex and 
rather small isolated black spots. The hind wing underside 
ground colour is white, without a yellowish tint peculiar to M. 
fascelis. The pattern is ain in M. fascelis but the black spots 
at the outer margin are narrower. The fringe is white, more 
clear and long than in M. fascelis, with black patches at the 
vein ends. In the genitalia structure the differences from M. 
fascelis (see Appendix) are rather weak. 
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 6.05.1982, the Orenburg 
Region, the village Donskoe, a valley steppefied meadow (S.V. 
Shutov). Paratypes: 4 males - 3-6.05.1982, the same locality.
   The species is dedicated to the memory of Uvarov, Boris 
Petrovich (1888-1920), a honoured member of the All-Union 
Entomologiocal Society, who studied the fauna of Lepidoptera of 
NW Kazakhstan from a young age."



     Clossiana chariclea tshuktsha Dubatolov Dubatolov et Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"In Chukotka and Kamchatka there is ssp. tshuktsha Dubatolov et
Korshunov, sbsp. n. In general it resembles butleri by colouration
but well differs by the male genitalia structure. In the new subspecies
the outer area of hind wing underside is evenly red-brown, in males
a yellow colour presents only in some specimens, between veins M2 and CuA
outside of dark postdiscal spots. The fore apical processus of the valva
is shortened, no longer than the lower one (in butleri this processus
is very short and more stout).
MATERIAL. Holotype - a male, 2?.07.1986, 100 km S of Pevek, E Chukotka,
Ust'-Chaun (Dubatolov, ZInchenko). Paratypes - 12 males, 14 females, the
same locality, 25.07-2.08.1986 (Dubatolov, Zinchenko). The fact that specimens
of a new subspecies in general have the genitalia intermediate between
chariclea and butleri gives a reason to consider butleri W. H. Edwards, 1883
as a subspecies of a circumpolar chariclea."



     Clossiana astarte ershovi Korshunov et P. Gorbunov, 1995 

     Original description:
   "...Butterflies from the Prilenskoe [near the Lena River] 
Plateau differ by relatively large size (f.w.l. is 22-24 mm in 
males, 23-26 mm in females) and the pattern of the hind wing 
underside. 
   Clossiana astarte ershovi Korshunov et P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: A male. F.w.l. 22 mm. The wing upperside is fulvous 
with an intensive black pattern; the hind wing is substantially 
blackened in the basal half. The wing underside is mottled, a 
row of round black spots at the outer margin and their light 
rims are especially conspicuous. On the hind wing underside the 
outer half ground colour is reddish-brown; the discal band on 
the hind wing is more mottled than in other subspecies, it 
contain contrasted patches of whitish and brown colour.
   MATERIALS: The Holotype : a male - 19.06.1968, the settlement 
Khaptagai on the Lena River (Yu. Ammosov). Paratypes: 2 males - 
23.06 and 11.071987, the settlement Khaptagai, the road to Tammu 
(Yu. Ammosov); 2 females - 20.07.1962, Yakutsk, the botanical 
garden (Alexandrova); a male - 7.06.1979, the same locality; a 
ma;e - 8.06.1985, the same locality (V. Dubatolov), a female - 
23.06.1992, the same locality (P. Gorbunov).
     The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of Ershov, 
Nikolai Grigoryevich (1837-1896), one of the first real members 
of the Russian Entomological Society, the author of numerous 
works and the first catalogue of the Siberian [an error - must be 
Russian - Yu.K.] butterflies."


     Clossiana astarte suntara Dubatolov, 1998

Original description:
"V. V. Dubatolov finds it necessary to isolate a subspecies the butterflies
of which keep to rocky slopes and screes of the Suntar-Khayata mountain
range. This is suntara, Dubatolov, sbsp. n. F. w. l.: 17-27 mm.
The hind wing above the fulvous ground colour almost excluded with
black scales, so that a par of large postdiscal spots remain surrounded
with narrow or wide light rims. Dark rimming of medial band slightly
darker than fore wing underside ground colour.
MATERIALS. Holotype - a male, 07. 1985, E Yakutia, the Suntar-Khayata
mountain range, 180 km ENE of the highway Khandyga-Magadan (Dubatolov,
Barkalov, Popova)."


     Clossiana matveevi P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
  "MALE: 22.6-23.8 (in holotype 22.8 mm). The  wing  upperside  
is ochre-orange, more faded than in C. tritonia and C. erda and 
close to that in C. astarte. The black pattern in general 
corresponds to that in C. tritonia but is noriceably fine; a 
more narrw black margin without widening at the veins, as is 
characteristic for C. tritonia, is among significant 
differences. On the fore wing underside the pattern is the same 
as on the upperside, but the black spots are more narrow and two 
black parallel lines replace the margin. The hind wing underside 
ground colour varies from muddy-orange to muddy brick-red; the 
ground-ochre or greyish discoidal band is relatively narrow, 
2.2-2.5 mm wide at the vein M1 (in other taxa of the tritonia-
group it is not less wide than 2.5 mm), its both sides being 
bor dered with conspicuous black streaks, and locally it is much 
suffused by dark scales, which entirely hide it at the anal 
margin. The postdiscoidal area contains a row of seven well-
expressed whitish spots. Outside of it there is a row of six 
black spots and then the area of ochre-red colour 2.0-2.5 mm 
wide. The black bracked-shaped submarginal spots are distally 
margined with white spots streched out across the veins; outside 
of them there is a double marginal line. In the male genitalia 
the caudal processus of the valva ends with a single large 
tooth, not with a row of small teeth as in C. astarte and C. 
tritonia, the costal processus is large, foot-shaped (for the 
figure see Appendix). 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male, Altai, the Kurayskiy mountain 
range. the settlement Aktash, 2700 m above sea level, a dry 
scree, 8th July 1990 (E.A. [must be E.M. - O.K.] Matveev leg.). 
Paratypes: two males one female, the same locality 16th July 1992;  
4 males - the Kuraiskiy mountain range, the Yarly-Ayry river 
headwaers, 3000 m altitude, 7-12th July 1992 (Yu. Prokofyev). 
   The taxon is named by the surname of Evgenii Aleksandrovich 
[an error - must be EMvgenii Mikhailovich] Matveev, a Moscow 
naturalist, a butterfly lover, who first collected these 
butterflies. Although it is not excluded that a butterfly of this 
very species (identified by A.A. Meingard as C. amphilochus 
Menetries) was caught by V.V. Sapozhnikov on 6th June 1905 in the 
Tsagan-Kol River headwaters in Mongolia." 


      Clossiana eunomia riamia Korshunov et Ivonin, 1998.

Original description:
"Peculiar turned out populations of the ryams [loc. raised peat-moss bogs within
the forest-steppe zone] of the Novosibirsk Province. Imagines keep there to
Eriophorum and Ledum, often resting on their leaves and pine needles, they
are active both in sunny and overcast weather. the butterflies of ryams are
large, f. w. l. not less than 18 mm, more frequently 20 mm. The brick-red
individuals are rather melanized, the spots of black pattern enlarged,
wing margins black-rimmed on which blueish spots are scarcely seen. On hind
wing underside ocelli and light spots bright silvery-blueish-white, in many
specimens of the same colour are the spots of marginal row on hind wing
underside. Note that such butterflies were met with still by the expedition
by N. F. Kashchenko on 8th June 1899 in a ryam at the station Ubinskaya where
more than 30 specimens were captured. A. A. Meinhard (1905) in his "List VI"
did not give them a special name bot noted a dark ground colour
and large and fusing with each other black spots and bands on the upperside
of all the wings and a very bright reddish-brown colour of the hind
wing underside with conspicuous large spots with a strong silvery-nacreous
glittering. Among 30 specimens two had "unusually dark colouration" and
five more light, closer to the typical eunomia.
The new subspecies is name riamia Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp. n.:
MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 17.06.1997, Kamennyi Ryam at v. Kuznetskoe
of the Chulymskii District of Novosibirsk Province (V. Ivonin), allotype -
a frmale, 17.06.1997, the same locality. Paratypes - two males, 17.06.1962,
a ryam at v. Kaily of the former Mikhailovskii (now Ubinskii) District
(Y. Korshunov), one female, seven males - 17.06.1997, Kamennyi Ryam,
26.06.1997, the same locality."


     Clossiana eunomia stromi Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"It turned out that in the mountains of S Siberia there occur two subspecies.
For Altai, the Sayans, Tuva and adjacent parts of Mongolia a new subspecies
stromi Korshunov, sbsp. n. is described (by the name of Semen Aronovich
Strom (1906-1985), my main expedition teacher, a head of the youth geographical
society "Sibir'" in Novosibirsk). As different from acidalia the butterflies
of this subspecies lack the silvery-white colour on the wing underside. 
From the nominotypical one they differ by a smaller size (f.w.l. usually
less than 20 mm), they have a finer black pattern, especially in males.
Lastly, for stromi, characteristic is a presence of a large ochre-red
spot (or also a small one near) at basal darkening of the hind wing upperside.
On the hind wing underside the colour of rather small ocelli does not differ
from that of all other light spots (light salad-coloured or slightly yellwish).
These light spots are surrounded with ochre .... [the word was missing in
the dersciption].
Material: Holotype - a male, 24.07.1975, W Sayan, Pazyryk-Ergak-Taiga
mt. tange, 1st brook behind the pass [from which side remains unclear] 
(Y. Korshunov), allotype - a female, the same label. Paratypes - a
male, 23.07.1948, Tuva, W Tannu-Ola (A. I. Cherepanov), a female.
9.07.1954, Altai, v. Abai, two males, 14.07.1959, Chuiskaya Step', 
the Yustyd River at v. Ak-Tal, two males and two females, 
19.07.1963, by the village to Ust'-Ulagan (O. Ivanovskaya), a male,
6.07.1966, the Mezhtyyaryk River - a tributary of the Chuya, 1700 
m (A. E. Standel), a male, 7.07.1966, Altai, mountain Sukor at
CHagan-Uzun, 2600 m (A. E. Shtandel), a male, 70 km SE of Lake 
Dood-Nur, 2000 m, Mongolia (V. Solyanikov), a female, 21.07.1972,
Tuva, lake Kara-Khol', a male, 5.07.1976, Altai, Seminskii Pass,
two males, 16.07.1982, Altai, a male, 11.07.1983, Katunskii mt. range, 
stow Bertkhem, 15 km SW of Katanda (V. Dubatolov), a male and female,
13.07.1983, 15 km SW of Katanda, a pass between the Kuragan
and Kucherla Rivers, Tukura, 2400 m (V. Dubatolov), a male and two
females, 20-21.07.1983, Terektinskii mt. range, 10 km N of Katanda, 
highlands, 2500 m (V. Dubatolov), a male, 12.07.1987, Lake Teletskoe, 
mountain Kolyshtu (A. Barkalov), a male, 16.06.1987, Tuva, Todzha,
Lake Azas (V. Zinchenko), two males, 25-29.06.1991, Sayano-Shushenskii
Reservation, the Ak-Sug River headwaters and the Ala-Aya River middle
flow (V. A. Vagin). Further in the mountains of Siberia, Yakutia and
in the northern Far East there ranges te subspecies acidalia Bober, 1809
(=asiatica Staudinger, 1901) described from Pribaikalye, which differs
from the nominotypical one by a smaller size, a black pattern closer
to ossiana, as well as the underside with expressed silvery-white 
spots. AS to the northern subspecies ossiana Herbst, 1800 proper, 
it embraces small butterflies with the ocelli always differing in
colour from the background (light or with a silvery tint) and extends
at least to the latitudes of the Taimyr."



     Boloria altaica pustagi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995

     Original description:
   "By the materials from Gornaya Shoria [elevation] the 
subspecies Boloria altaica pustagi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n. 
is being described, differing from altaica first of all by a 
darker (brick-red) ground colour.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 21 mm. The wing upperside is brick-
red with the black pattern enlarged, as compared with the 
subspecies altaica. The black spots along the outer margin are 
not fused into a streak. On the hind wing underside the discal 
band is bright, well contrasted to the ground brick-red 
background; the black round spots in the postdiscal area are 
contrasted, some of them contain white nucleoli. 
   In females the upperside is lighter, yellowish, the underside 
is bright, as in males.
   MATERIAL: The holotype: a male - 13.07.1992, Gornaya Shoria, 
the environs of the settlement Sheregesh, the mountain Pustag, 
1000-1300 m (V. Ivonin). Paratypes: 7 males, 3 females - 
13.07.1992, the same locality."


    Triphysa albovenosa sacha Korshunov, 1996

    Original description:
  "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 18 mm. The wing upperside is 
blackish-grey with a steel flash, without any pattern, only the 
dot or ocelli of the underside are slightly seen through. The wing 
underside is as in T. albovenosa, but there are small dots or 
ocelli in the outer field, the second one of which on the hind 
wing even has a white pupil. There are three dots and one 
ocellus on the fore wing, the hind wing has five small black 
ocelli between the veins, the third from above being a dot. In 
some paratypes the dots are only on the hind wing, in two 
paratypes they are hardly noticeable at all.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 15 mm. The wing upperside is 
greyish-white, the underside pattern is seen through. On the 
wing underside there are very small black dots: four on the fore 
wing and five on the hind wing. The wing area between the outer 
field and the base is mottled due to grey spots of different 
size. In other females these grey spots fuse to each other, in 
one female the wing underside is as in the males, with the dots 
large, especially on the fore wing.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 7.06.1985, Yakutsk, the 
botanical garden (Dubatolov). The allotype: a female - 
9.06.1985, the same locality. Paratypes: females and 2 males - 
13.06.1968, Yakutsk, Chugur-Murun; a male and a female - 
10.06.1974, Khaptagai, the Tamma River valley (Ammosov); a male 
- 1.06.1977, at the settlement Oktemtsy; 3 males 1 female - 
28-31.05.1989, Yakutsk, the botanical garden (Dubatolov)' 10 
males 10 females - 7-9.06.1985, the same locality; a male - 
1.06.1985, 5 km of Yakutsk on the road to Magadan, a bogged 
rivulet valley (Dubatolov).
     So, the range of a new subspecies lies within Yakutia, 
noteworthy that the Suntar Khayata mountain range in E Yakutia 
is inhabited by different butterflies, close to the subspecies 
tscherskii Crum-Grshimailo, 1899. It has a somewhat darker 
ground colour on the wing underside, the light veins being more 
conspiculus as compared with other subspecies.  This subspecies 
ranges widely in E. Siberia, it was also found in Transuralia 
and West Chukotka." 



     Coenonympha amaryllis borisovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...The largest and peculiar butterflies among amaryllis have 
been found in Pribaikalye, which are secribed as C. amaryllis 
borisovi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is ochre-
yellow. There are two large and two small black dots on the fore 
wing and five large dots and a dark marginal rim on the hind 
wing. On the underside there are very large, contrasted ocelli 
with silvery pupils and a relatively wide silvery streak along 
the margins. The fringe is light. On the most part of the 
species the butterflies have the underside without any pattern, 
that on the underside is more dull, the ocelli are smaller than 
in borisovi.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 24.06.1988, Baikal, the 
village Listvyanka (Ivonin). Paratypes: 2 males - 30.06.1983, 
the same locality (Yu. Timoshenko), 3 males -24.06.1988, the 
same locality - 20.06.1991, the Verkhne-Angarskii mountain 
range, the environs of Severobaikal'sk (Ivonin). All the 
butterflies were collected on steppefied mountain slopes.
   The subspecies is named by the surname of a Decemberist 
Borisov, Petr Ivanovich (1800-1854), the author of first aquarel 
portraits of Lepidoptera of Baikal." 


     Hyponephele cadusina gurkini Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "... A new subspecies Hyponephele cadusina gurkini Korshunov, 
sbsp. n. is described on the materials from Central Altai, 
differing from the nominotypical one by the following 
characters: on the fore wing upperside the yellow field is pale, 
the dot between the veins Cu1 and Cu2 is larger, the dark margin 
on the hind wing underside is wider, the wing underside is more 
evenly coloured, the dots at the anal angle are smaller. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is 
brown, the hind wing is evenly coloured, the fore wing has a 
wide ochre-yellow spot on the outer field. In the apical part of 
this spot there is a black ocellus with a light pupil and a 
twice as small black dot below it, between the veins Cu1 and 
Cu2. A black androconial brand is covered by brown scales along 
its fore and hind margins. The fore wing underside is ground-
yellow with a relatively wide dark marginal band and a light-
rimmed apical ocellus. The hind wing underside is grey with 
brown marble which does not form transversal bands, as is 
observed in cadusina. 
   MATERIALS: the holtype - 1st July 1974, Central Altai, a 
steppefied bank slope of the Katun' River near its junction with 
the Chuya River, (Yu.P. Korshunov leg.). Paratypes: - 2 males, 
1st July 1974, the same locality.
   The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of an Altai 
painter Gurkin, Grigorii Ivanovich 91869-1937)"


     Erebia euryale flaveoides Korshunov et Tatarinov, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...In the lowland taiga of the north-east of Europe the 
subspecies euryaloides Tengstrom, 1869 ranges (described within 
ligea), in which both sexes have white bands. A form arctica 
Poppius, 1906, also with a white band, is known from the Kanin 
Peninsula, later the taxon boreomontanum Sedykh, 1977 was 
described from the Sob' River headwaters, which is a synonym to 
arctica.  The North< Subpolar and Polar Ural and the 
Bol'shezemel'skaya Tundra are inhabited by the butterflies of 
which the females have bright brownish-yellow band. These 
butterflies are described here as the subspecies flaveoides 
Korshunov et Tatarinov, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 21 m. On the hind wing underside 
tere are two small brown spots on a brownish-yellow band: the 
upper at the incision in the band at the cell apex, the lower 
between the bein Cu branches.  
   ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 20 mm. On the hind wing the band is 
reduced to a white spot, situated where a female would have 
an incision of the band, and some white scales above and below it.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a female - 15.07.1995. The Subpolar 
Ural, the middle flow of the Malyi Patok River [(Tatarinov) - was 
omited Yu.K.]. The allotype: a male - 16.07[.1995], the same locality. 
Peretypes: 9 males 9 females - 15-17.07[.1995]. Only one point on 
the Polar Ural is known, the station Krasnyi Kamen', where 
butterflies of both types [with white and brownish-yellow band 
in females] occur together, but this is at a railway, which was 
a channel of penetration there the butterflies from euryaloides 
populations."


     Erebia kosterini P.Gorbunov, Korshunov, Dubatolov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "253. Erebia kosterini P.Gorbunov, Korshunov, Dubatolov, sp. n. 
[Chernushka Kosterina]. 
   TYPE LOCALITY: The Khindzha River on the Koni Peninsula (the 
Magadan Region) 
   BIOTOPES: valley meadow plots between the thickets of the bush 
alder and the dwarf pine. 
   FLIGHT PERIOD OF IMAGINES: observed in the second half of July.
   HOLOTYPE: a male: F.w.l.: 21.5 mm. The wing upperside is 
brown with a wide (3-4 mm) ochre-fulvous band in the postdiscal 
area, which contains: a black dot at the apex between the veins 
R5 and M1, a double black spot between M1 and M3, the next [from 
the apex] intervein plate contains a dot, the next one contains 
a round black spot. No adroconial brand is seen. On the hind 
wing upperside there are four round black spots on an ochre-
fulvous band  going from the fore margin to the vein Cu2. The 
third spot (counting from the fore margin) is noticeably shifted 
outside. The underside is analogously coloured, but the ground 
colour is darker to some extent, the band on the fore wing is 
ochre-yellow, while the black dot at the apex is absent; on the 
hind wing the spots are smaller and reside not on the band but 
in narrow ochre rings, inside of which there is a white band 
split into fragments. The fringe is chequered. In the genital 
apparatus the valva is narrow (the ratio of its maximal width to 
the length being 1:5), slightly and gradually tapering to the 
apex; a half of its dorsal edge bears teeth of various size (see 
Appendix). In a similar species E. ligea the valva is sharply 
(two- or three-fold) narrowed at the apex forming a finger-like 
projection. A structure of the male genitalia similar with that 
of E. kosterini is found in an American species E. vilderi 
Elwes, 1898 [an error in the original description, must be 
vidleri - Yu. K], well differing by the absence of postdiscal 
black ocelli on the hind wings. 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wings are noticeably 
narrower than in the holotype. The colouration and pattern are 
similar to those of the holotype, differing in the following: on 
the fore wing upperside the black dot at the apex is absent, on 
the hind wing upperside the black spots are smaller and there is 
only three of them (that colsest to the fore margin is wanting); 
the double spot on the fore wing upperside, the same double spot 
and the spot between Cu1 and Cu2 [on the fore wing underside - 
these words were accidentally dropped in the printed version - 
Yu. K.] , and three of the four spots on the hind wing underside 
have white nuclei. On the hind wing underside the white stripe 
inside of the row of ocelli is brighter and more clear-cut than 
in the holotype. 
   MATERIALS: Holotype: a male - 20.07.1989, the Magadan Region, 
the Koni Peninsula, the lower reaches of the Khindzha River, a 
herbaceous meadow on the lower terrace (O.E.Kosterin). Allotype: 
a female - 20-24.07.1989, the same locality. Paratypes: 2 males 
2 females - 20.07.1989, the same locality and date. 
   The species is named by the surname of Oleg Engel'sovich 
Kosterin, a participant on numerous expeditions in Siberia and 
the Far East, who collected the type series of butterflies of 
the species." 
   Note: a more detalied description of the habitat of these 
butterflies (referred to as Erebia (ligea (Linnaeus, 1758)) 
group) on the Koni Peninsula can be found in (Kosterin, 1993).  
After the first description the butterflies of this species were 
collected also at the Magadan City and the settlement Karamken in 
the Magadan Region (Korshunov, 1996). Later, it turned out that
this name is a junior synonym of Erebia ajanensis Menetires: see
(Dubatolov et al., 1999)  


     Erebia rossi subarctica Korshunov, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...The butterflies from the zonal tundras and forest-tundras of 
N Asia and from mountains of Yakutia and Chukotka are different. 
They differ first of all by the absence of a reddish-castane-
brown colour on the fore wing underside in a majority of 
specimens. Only some females have a brand of this colour and few 
males have groups of such scales at the ocelli. We describe them 
as Erebia rossi subarctica Korshunov, sbsp. n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 24 mm. The wing upperside is brown, 
there is a double fulvous spots at the fore wing apex, 
containing two black dots, and a a hardly noticeable fulvous 
spot without a dot at the Cu veins. The hind wing upperside has 
no dots. On the fore wing underside there is a double fulvous 
spot with two black dots centered with white ocelli, a tiny 
fulvous speck and a small fulvous spot, with a white-centered 
black dot, between the branches of the vein Cu. On the hind wing 
undeside there is an obscure band, with a white dot on its marhin 
at the cell apex, and a somewhat ligher band in the outer field. 
There is a "flash" of reddish scales at the spots, noticeable 
only if to place the butterfly at different angles to the light. 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 25 mm. The wing upperside is as 
in males, but the small spot at the Cu is missing. The fore wing 
upperside has only two black dots with white pupils in a common 
fulvous round spot at the apex. The hind wing underside has the 
same bands as the male, the outer margin of the outer one 
bearing two very small white spots.
   Among the paratypes about a half of specimens has 2-3 spots 
in addition to the double apical one on the fore wing and 2-4 
Spots on the hind wing. On the hind wing underside there may be 
fore white dots.  The imagines from the Maymecha River basin and 
from a more northern Novaya River, on the Putorana Plateau, are 
peculiar: they are smaller, f.w.l.  being 19-21 mm, and have 
only the apical spots (the only female of 8 specimens has spots 
also on the hind wing upperside), this population deserves 
further studies.  
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 15.07.1968, the left bank 
of the Tanlovaya River, a tributary of the Schuchya River, S 
yamal (Korshunov). The allotype: a female - 14.07.1968, a tundra 
between the Tarseda River and the Schuchya River left bank, S 
Yamal, Korshunov). Paratypes: 10 males 7 females - 14-
30.07.1968, the Schuchya River basin (Yu. Korshunov); 2 males - 
28-29.06.1969, the Omolon River valley (N. Gomoyunova); 2 males 
- 8.07.1976, the Yenisei River lower reaches, Chopko 
(Chernenko); 2 males - 07.1981, Taymyr, Ary-Mas, Novaya (R. 
Polovinkina); 1 male 5 females - 28.07-8.08.1982, Putoran, 
Maymecha (I.S. Zakharzhevsky); 1 male - 22.06.1984, the Sutar-
Khayata mountain range (L. Popova); 14 males 1 female - 19.06-
14.07.1985, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the Khandyga 
River headwaters (V. Dubatolov); 1 male - 18.06.1989, Yakutia, 
the Kele River headwaters, a Carex/Eriophorum tussocks (L. 
Popova); 2 males - 12-17.07.1993, the Chita Region,, 35 km SSE 
of Chara, Naminga (A. Streltsov)."


     Erebia mackinleyensis ola Korshunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "... Specimens from the Magadan Region are characterized by 
a complete vanishing of castane-coloured spots on the wing 
upperside in males and their reduction in females. Below we 
describe them as a new subspecies. The shape of the valva in the 
male genitalia in sachaensis and ola is very variable, that is
illustrated by the drawings of the genitalia of the holotypes 
(see Appendix). In general, the genitalia of these taxa have no 
significant differences between each other, as well as from E. 
semo and E. erynnin.
   Erebia mackinleyensis ola Korshunov, sbsp. n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 25 mm. The wing upperside is evenly 
soot-coloured. The underside is of the same colour but on the 
fore wing, at the cell, there are groups of reddish scales 
forming a hardly detectable sinking spot. The light scales are 
scattered over the hind wing underside where no bands are seen. 
In the genitalia the valva has a rounded apex. 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The wing upperside is black 
with a brown tint. On the fore wing, at the cell, there are 
reddish elongate strokes between the veins. On the fore wing 
underside the corresponding reddish spots are bordered with dark 
scales. The hind wing underside is not only mottled, as in 
males, but have also distinct traces of the postdiscal band, the 
margin of which is most clearly seen in the middle part of the 
outer field. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male -7.07.1991, the Magadan 
Region, the headwaters of the Ola River, the surroundings of the 
mountain Nukh (1828 m) (V.V.Palekha leg.); the allotype: a 
female - 7.07.1991, the same locality; paratypes: a male - 
07.1991, the same locality; 2 males 1 female - 13.07.1993, the 
same locality; a male - 6.07.1964, the Omsukchanskiy mountain 
range, at the setlement Golimyy, 6th July 1964 (A.V.Tsvetaev)."
     The attribution of this taxon to  E. mackinleyensis as a 
subcpecies, made by P. Gorbunov in a published version of the 
book (Korshunov, Gorbunov, 1995), is erroneous. I consider it to 
be a bona species due to the complex of characters concerning the 
general appearance, pattern, the details of the genitalia 
structure (Korshunov, 1996). New species has a certain similarity 
to E. erynnin Staudinger, 1894, but this species of the E Sayan 
lacks androconia resembling those of E. ola, their genitalia 
structure have substantial differences, in particular, the end of 
the valva is twice as thick in E. ola, in general the valva is 
thicker and resembles that in E.  mackinleyensis. A well 
developed spots in males and, to some extent, in females is 
another trait differing E. erynnin from E.  ola.  
     Later Y. P. Korshunov (1996) rasied the status of the taxon
ola to a species and suggester the following improvement: 
  "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 25 mm. The wing upperside is evenly 
soot-coloured. The underside is of the same colour but on the 
fore wing, at the cell, there are groups of reddish scales 
forming a hardly detectable sinking spot. On the hind wing 
underside some scales are lighter than the neighbouring ones 
where no bands are seen.  In the genitalia the valva has a 
rounded apex."   


     Erebia occulta sokhondinca Dubatolov et Zinchenko, 1995

     Original description:
   "Butterflies from the Chita Region, described below, are much 
larger than E. o. occulta (f.w.l. being 19-21 mm) and 
significantly larger than E. o. jakuta (f.w.l. 20-24 mm). They 
well differ from both known subspecies by more developed fulvous 
marking on the wings, often forming a contiguous band on the 
fore wing. There is also a signofocant difference in the length 
of the dentate part of the valva. Its ratio to the total length 
of the valva in E. o. jacuta is 52-67% (with the mean 59,5%), 
the samlpe size being 24, in new subspecies it is 56-67,4 (with 
the mean 64%), the sample size being 20. The butterflies from 
the East Sayan and Pribaikalye are close to the subspecies being 
described. 
   Erebia occulta sokhondinca Dubatolov et Zinchenko, ssp.n. 
   Male: F.w.l. is 23 mm in the hlotype, 23-26 mm in paratypes. 
The wing upperside is dark-brown, the fore wing bears 4 large 
pale-fulvous spots along the outer margin, usually fused into a 
band. They are centered with black dots elondate lengthwise with 
respect to the wing. The hind wing has 3-4  round spots at the 
outer margin, often centered with black dots. The pattern of the 
fore wing underside is the same as on the upperside, but the fulvous 
spots are always fused into a bright band. This band can extend 
in direction of the wing base. The hind wing underside as in E. 
o. jakuta.
   Female: F.w.l. 23.5-26 mm. The pattern is as in males, but 
the black dots are larger, up to 2 mm in diameter.
   MATERIALS: The holotype - a male, 23.VI 1991, the Chita 
Region, the Sokhondinskii nature reserve, the Verkhnii Bukukun 
River (Dubatolov). Paratypes: 35 males 9 females, the same 
locality and the mountain Tsagan-Ula, 19.VI - 6.VII 1991 
(Dubatolov, Zinchenko and others)."


     Erebia dabanensis olshvangi P. Gorbunov, 1995

     Orininal description:
   "..... The below described butterflies from the Polar Ural 
differ from other subspecies by a darker brown-black ground 
colour and the most substantial redction of brown postdiscal 
spots.... 
   Erebia dabanensis olshvangi P.Gorbunov, sbsp. n. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. Both sides of the fore wing 
are dark-brown with four separate, diffuse on the underside,  
fulvous-brown spots centered with small black dots; both sides 
of the hind wing have three such spots; on the hind wing 
underside the postdiscal area is to some extent lightened due to 
greyish scales; the genitalia are analagous to those of other 
subspecies. 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is 
brown, the underside - greyish-brown; on the hind wing underside 
a light-grey postdiscal band is clearly expressed; the fulvous-
brown pattern is similar with that of the holotype. 
   Generally the new subspecies is very variable. The length of 
the fore wing ranges between 17 and 22 mm. In males the fulvous 
spots on the upperside of both wings in 5-10 % of individuals 
are absent. On the fore wing underside they, however, never 
disappear entirely, on the contrary, in some specimens (15-20 % 
of cases) they are fused into a common band, but its width, as 
different from E. dabanensis troubridgei, as a rule does not 
exceed 2 mm. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 20.07.1992, Polar Ural, the 
railway station Krasnyy Kamen', the mountain Slantsevaya, 300-
400 m above sea level, a montane lichen-fruticulose tundra 
(P.Yu.Gorbunov leg.) The allotype - 10.07.1998, the same 
locality (V.N.Olshvang leg.) Paratypes: 7 males 4 females - 10-
12.07.1998, the same locality; a male - 5.07.1990 - the same 
locality; 4 males 3 females - 18-28.07.1992, the same locality. 
   The subspecies is named by the surname of Vladimir Nikolaevich 
Olshvang, a researcher at IEPA UrD RAS [Institute of Ecology of 
Plants and Animals of Ural Division of Russian Academy of 
Sciences] , an entomologist who for a long time investigated 
Polar Ural and collected a part of the type series." 


     Erebia theano tshugunovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995.

     Original description:
   "...Below we describe two subspecies from the Salairskii Kryazh 
elevation and the Kuznetskii Alatau Mts. The former is 
characterized by a brownish colour of spots on the wing 
upperside. The butterflies from the Kuznetskii Alatau, West 
Sayan and Tuva are characterized by a general reduction of 
ochre-brown spots not forming contiguous bands.
      Erebia theano tshugunovi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp. n. 
      HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 18 mm. The wing upperside is dark-
brown; the postdiscal spots and the spot in the cell are brick-
red.The underside is the same as the upperside, but with a 
greyish tint, which is more distinct along the wing margin; the 
fulvous postdiscal spots on the hind wing consist of four hardly 
noticeable dashes. The fringe is white with dark markings. 
ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside as in the 
male. The grey tint on the underside, especially on the hind 
wing, is much more pronounced. The yellowish postdiscal spots on 
the hind wing underside are smaller than on the fore wing (where 
they are fulvous) and smaller than in the male; the basal spots 
on the hind wing are small and hardly noticeable, as in the 
male. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: - 21.06.1994, the Novosibirsk Region, 
the Kiternya river valley, a damp meadow (V.V. Ivonin); the 
allotype: a female - 20.06.1994, the Novosibirsk region, the 
Bol'shoy Elbash river valley, a damp meadow (V.V. Ivonin). The 
paratypes: 11 males 8 females - 20.06.1994, the same locality; 5 
males - 21.06.1994, the same locality, a female - 24.06.1994, 
the same locality; 5 males - 21.06.1994, the Novosibirsk Region, 
the village Novoselovo [this is a mistake - should be 
Novososedovo, Yu.K.], a forest opening (V.V. Ionin); 1 male - 
24.06.1949 - the Novokuznetsk city surroundings, the village 
Torgay (A.E. Shtandel); 2 males - the Tomsk region, the village 
Nizhnie Sokoly, a bogged meadow (G.S. Zolotarenko) 
   The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergey Mikhaylovich 
Chugunov, a doctor of medicine at the Tomsk University, who in 
1859-1920 comipled several annotated lists of Lepidoptera for 
various regions of Siberia."


     Erebia theano shoria Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995

     Original description:
   "Erebia theano shoria Korshunov et Ivonin, ssp. n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 19 mm. The wing upperside is brown 
with the postdiscal bands composed of ochre-yellow spots and a 
hardly noticeable spot in the cell. On the wing underside all 
the spots are bright and large, including that in the cell of 
the fore wing and the basal spots on the hind wing; the grey 
suffusion is well expressed in the basal area. The fringe is 
greyish, chequered. 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 19 mm. The wing upperside as in 
the male, the spot in the cell is well expressed; on the wing 
underside all the spots are bright and large; on the hind wing 
the basal spots and grey suffusion are well expressed.
The specimens of the type series vary in the size of the lighter 
spots, especially of the basal spots of the hid wing underside. 
The fringe is brownish in some males. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 5.07.1969, the Tuzukhsu river 
valley in the Tom' river headwaters 1969 (Yu.P. Korshunov). 
Allotype: a female - 13.07.1992, the Gornaya Shoria mountain 
area, the Sheregesh settlement environs, the mountain Pustag, 
1300 m [above sea level] (V.V. Ivonin). The paratypes: 21 males 
- 5.07.1969, Gornaya Shoria, the Tuzukhsu valley; 13 males 9 
females - 28.07.1969, the same locality; 86 males 28 females - 
t24.06-27.07.1969, the Askiz River basin, Birikchul' (Yu.P. 
Korshunov); 23 males - 17 and 24.07.1969, Khakassia, the Baza 
river headwaters, (Yu.P. Korshunov); 4 males 2 females - 
13.07.1992, the Sheregesh settlement, the mountain Pustag 
(V.V.Ivonin)"


     Erebia fletcheri chorymensis Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description: 
   "...Below Erebia fletcheri chorymensis Korshunov, sbsp. n. is 
described from the Kuznetskii Alatau Mts.
   HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 22 mm. Both wing sides are brown; 
the fore wing has a wide fulvous-brown band, slightly tapering 
to the anal angle, with four oval black spots about 1 mm long; 
On the hind wing three [the words "of four" was erroneously 
omited here - Yu.K.] fulvous spots contain black dots, as well 
as an additional fifth small spot in front of the  anal vein. 
   ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 22 mm. The postdiscal band on 
the fore wing upperside is darker and bears smaller black dots. 
The paratypes have four of five fulvous spots on the hind 
wing, of which one (in one specimen), three, four, or five being 
centred with black dots. In the nominotypical subspecies (the 
holotype being a female) the black spots on the fore wing are 
round and almost twice as large, the second from the bottom being 
almost thrice as large. Besides, in the butterflies from Altai 
there is a tiny black spot at the apex which is not situated in 
the same row with others, which is absent in all specimens from 
the Kuznetskiy Alatau. The hind wing in the nominotypical 
subspecies has four roundish reddish-fulvous spots, the two of 
which at the anal angle being centered with black dots. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a female - 12.07.1975, the Kuznetskiy 
Alatau, the environs of the mountain Bobrovaya (Yu.Korshunov); 
the allotype: a male - the same locality and date; paratypes: 5 
males 1 female - 9.07.1975, the same locality; 4 males 2 females 
- 12.07.1975, the same locality; 4 males - 7.07.1975, the 
Kuznetskii Alatau, the Sarala river valley; 4 males - 25-
26.06.1978, the same locality. 
   The name is derived from the Khakas word "khorym" - a 
stone scree." 


     Satyrus ferula medvedevi Korshunov, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...The butterflies from Tuva, differing by bright and motled 
pattern of the hind wing underside, with a contrasted band, are 
dsacribed as Satyrus ferula medvedevi Korshunov, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 27 mm. On the fore wing underside 
the ocellus with a white pupil is almost four-fold larger than 
the lower one (in altaica the ocelli are smaller and almost 
of the same size). On the marbled hind wing underside the band 
is rimmed with waving black lines, the line of the same 
brightness and outline is conspicuous at the outer margin.
   ALLOTYPE: A female. F.w.l. 26 mm. On the fore wing the large 
black ocelli with white pupils are equal in size on both sides. 
The hind wing underside ground colour is lighter than in males, 
it is brownish-grey, with white scales along the outer margin of 
the band and just at the wing margin. There are two black dots 
at the anal angle, that about 2 mm in diameter and a much 
smaller one.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 19.07.1972, Tuva, Moren. The  
allotype: a female - 23.07.1988, Tuva, the Kyzyl environs (V. 
Zinchenko). Paratypes: 4 males - 18-30.07.1960, 40 km west of 
[the village] Samagaltai, the surroundings of [the village] 
Khol'-Ezhu, a grass/absinth and other type steppes; 2 males - 
10.07.1961, Turan, Angol (A. Gukasyan); a male - 19.07.1972, 
Moren; 2 males 6 females, 10-23.07.1990, 35 km NWW of 
Samagaltai, the Shivilig-Khem basin (O. Kosterin).
  The males are much more close to each other in appearance than 
the females, among which there are individuals much darker above  
but, on the contrary, lighter beneath than in the allotype.
   The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of my teacher 
Sergei Ivanovish Medvedev (1899-1979), who worked in Siberia 
when was young.
   ...
   Unfortunately, the comparative materials of a Chinese 
subspecies liuplunschani O. Bang-Haas, 1993 is not available for 
me." 


     Oeneis anna dzhulukuli Korshunov, 1998.

Original description:
"Elwes in the Altaian work of 1899 on Table 13 depicted three butterflies
as nanna. Of them two (fig. 4, a male, and fig. 8, a female) to our opinion,
just belong to the species anna. We have accumulated materials factually from
the same places where Elwes collected which allow to describe a new
subspecies dzhulukuli Korshunov, sbsp. n.
HOLOTYPE. A male. FWL 24 mm. Wing upperside brownish with an admixture
of ochre- and dark scales, that in general gives a pale-darkish background.
There are dark dots on outer area: on fore wing at apex a dot has a white
pupil, other dots below blind, in total four dots on fore wing, five blind
dots on hind wing. Androconial brands absent, no tufted scales found
on wing. Fringes chequered. Fore wing underside with a light-brown background
and four dots, as on upperside. On hind wing [upperside] there are many light
scales, veins white, among dots the upper one reduced so that only four
dots conspicuous. All the dots on both fore and hind wing [underside] with
white pupils. The genital apparatus is on the figure. In general it is of
the nanna type, differing by a somewhat different general configuration and
especially by valva outline.
ALLOTYPE. A female. FWL 24 mm. Wing upperside brownish, as in male, on hind
wing there is a darkening from base to outer field, black dots as in male.
And wing underside is similar
MATERIALS [in ISEA (Novosibirsk, Russia)]: Holotype - a male, 16.07.1982,
Taboshak Mt., Kuraiskii Mt. Range (Perunov, Y. E.). Allotype - a female,
31.07.1996, Dzhulukul’ Hollow, Bagayash, a damp floodland meadow,
2400 m (Bondarenko, A. V.). Paratypes - a female, 15.07.1978, Mukhor-Tarkhata
env., stow Argamzhi (A. Grazhdankin), a female, 16.07.1982, Taboshak Mt.
(Perunov, Y. E.) a female, 07.1982, Kuyakhtanar River - a Chuya River tributary
between Kurai and Kosh-Agach (exactly the place where Elwes collected!)
(Mertvetsv, D.), a female, 30.07.1985, v. Kalguty, a Poa/herbaceous
association (Malkov, Y. P.), a female and 2 males, 29-30.07.1996,
Dhulukul' Hollow, Bagayash, a lichen/dwarf-birch tundra (Bondarenko, A.V.)."


     Oeneis jakutski Korshunov 1998.

Original description:
"HOPLOTYPE - a male. F.w.l. 22 mm. Wing upperside darkened from
bases to outer area, brownish, outer area lighter, ochre-brown, with three
small dots between veins on fore wing and four on hind wing. Androconial
scales noticeably grouped on fore wing at cell at spring of veins M2
and M3, while in nanna androconial scales spread along cell. Besides, vein
R5 in jakutski does not differ from others in thickness. The veins are
practically not swallen also in the paratypes. Fore wing underside greyish-
brown, cell with specks, its upper one third lighter, there is a brwn spot
near discal vein. Ocelli between veins (there are three of them) with white
pupils, slightly elongate, especially the upper one. Lighter scales form
somewhat like a halo around each ocellus. Apex marbled.
There are white streaks just between veins along wing margin (there are white
dots in nanna).  On hind wing scales of medial band fuse with similar one at
wing base and on this continuous field only three small light spots are
noticeable just at fore margin. Band margin has no acute projections
(as different from nanna!), it is rimmed with whitish scales which alternate
with brown ones to form a marbled outer margin with four ocelli, from which
three are ocellate. Wing margin with small white streaks also but they are on
a background of other light scales. In the genitalia the differences from
nanna concern in the outline of the uncus, in longer subunci, in the outline
of the valca which has a peculiar projection on apex (see the figure).
ALLOTYPE - a female. F.w.l. 30 mm. Upperside of wings ochre-brown, their outers
areas lighter than other parts and bear an ocellus with pupil at apex and
two tiny dark spot below it at veins R5 and M3. A dark-brown spot on discal
vein is noticeable. Cell not darkened. Hind wing with four black spots on
outer margin bordered outside with a seen through band. Wing underside
marbled as specked with light and brownish scales, especially on hind
wing where very small ocelli with pupils are hardly seen among the scales.
On hind wing an ocellus with a pupil is conspicuous accompanied with a white
dot. Fringe chequered. The paratypes, although variable individualy, have
a smooth outline of the band margin. A presence of a triangular androconial
field on the male fore wing differ them from other species of the nanna-group.
MATERIAL - Holotype - a male. 9.06.1985, Yakutsk, botanical garden, a steppefied
bank slope of the Lena River, V. Dubatolov. ALlotype - a female, 16.06.1968,
Yakutsk, Chuchur-Muran. Paratypes: a male and female, 20.07.1962, Yakutsk, botanical
garden, Alexandrova, a male and female - 16.06.1968, Chuchur-Muran, a male -
19.06.1973, the Lena River valey, settlement Khaptagai, Yu. Ammosov, four
males - 10, 14, 15, 25.06.1974 - settlement Khaptagai, the Tamma River valley,
Yu. Ammosov, three males and a female - 1, 10, 17.06.1977 - 50 km S Yakutsk,
village Oktemtsy, Yu. Ammosov, a male - 9.06.1985, Yakutsk, botanical garden,
V. V. Dubatolov".


     Oeneis sculda vadimi Korshunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "... Large and dark butterflies from N Pribaikalye are described 
as Oeneis sculda vadimi Korshunov, sbsp.n, which, most 
probably, ranges also in the northern E Siberia.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 23 mm.  The  wing  upperside  is 
bright pale-brown, the apex and the outer margin of  the  fore 
wing are darkened, between the transversal vein and  the  apex 
there is an ocellus with a pupil. The hind wing in the  
submarginal  area  contains  three  black dots between the 
veins. The wing underside is  mottled  due  to  a marble 
pattern, the light veins are  distinct,  especially  on the hind  
wing.  The  postdiscal  area  of  the  fore  wing contains 
three, that of the hind wing - four ocelli with white pupils. 
The discal band on the  hind  wing  is  dark-brown, with a 
conspicuous rounded prominence  behind  the  cell.  the  fringe  
is   chequered.  In genitalia the shape of the uncus and the 
valva processes and the structure of the aedeagus are somewhat 
different from those in  Oe.  sculda sculda (see Appendix). 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The wing  upperside  is 
brown, lighter than in the male; the fore wing has an  ocellus 
at the apex and another one at the anal angle; all the  ocelli 
are centered with white pupils; the  wing  underside  resemble 
that of the male as being equally bright; other characters are 
also the same. In some paratypes the fore wings bear more 
ocelli, there are females with the appearance indistinguishable 
from the  described male from above. 
   MATERIALS: the holtype: a male  -  16.06.1988, the  
Verkhneangarskiy  mountain range, the surroundings of the town 
Severobaikal'sk (V.V. Ivonin); the allotype: a female -  
16.06.1988 - the  same locality; paratypes - two females - 16 
and 19.06.1988, the same locality. 
   The subspecies is named by the name of Vadim Vasilievich Ivonin 
who participated on numerous expeditions in Siberia and the Far 
East and collected the type series." 


     Oeneis elwesi ulugchemi Korshunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   "...According to observations in the Tuvinian Hollow (V. 
Dubatolov, V. Zinchenko),  the imagines keep to the stones, 
hiding in their shade in  a hot weather; they did not visit 
flowers. 
   ...The butterflies from the Tuvinian [intermontane] 
Hollow and surrounding mountains differ by external characters 
and also by habits. They are described as Oeneis elwesi 
ulugchemi Korshunov, ssp. n. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 23 mm. The wing upperside is brownish-
grey (darker than in ssp. tannuola), the outer margin of the 
fore wing has light patches between the veins; the sex brand is 
bright and occupies a part of the cell and some area ouside it, 
there is a black oval spot at the fore wing apex. On the hind 
wing a light postdiscal area, an oval black spot at the anal 
angle, and a black dot above it are distinct. The fore wing 
underside is ash-grey with a black oval spot at the apex; the 
hind wing underside has a marble patern and a figured black 
discal band (its shape differing from other subspecies) which is 
fused with a dark scale suffusion at the wing base. The fringe 
is white (in O. elwesi - chequered). The genital apparatus (see 
Appendix) has a relatively long uncus and very uneven teeth on 
the swallen end of the valva; in elwesi the valva apex has no 
knobs and swellings, while the teeth are of relatively close 
size. There is also a difference in the aedeagus structure. All 
these details show that the rank of the taxon can be higher than 
a subspecific.   
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 24 mm. The internal half of the fore 
wing upperside is brown, the external is sand-coloured with a 
dark marginal rim; the postdiscal area contains three large oval 
black spots; on the hind wing this area contains two black spots 
(in other female paratypes they are reduced to dots or missing 
at all). On the fore wing underside the black oval spots 
present; the hind wing underside has a marble pattern, the area 
between the band and margin being more heavily suffused with 
dark scales than in the male. 
   The males other than holotype have 2-3 black spots on the fore 
wing upperside (the upper is always larger) and always one 
apical spot on the fore wing underside (sometmes black dots can 
be seen beneath it). In some males the wings are rather dark, 
but light areas are always retained, which sometimes contain 
orange or even red-brown scales. The butterflies of the type 
series are very variable in size (there are three among 29 
females and ten among 110 males which are 1.5-2 times as small 
as the holotype or allotype, respectively!). 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 10.05.1988, Tuva, the 
surroundings of the Kyzyl city, the mountains at the Ulug-Khem 
River right bank in the vicinity of the mouth of the Kaa-Khem 
River (V. Zinchenko). The allotype: a female - 13.05.1989, the 
same locality. Paratypes: 8 females - 13.05.1988, the same 
locality; 1 male 1 female - 20.05.1989, the same locality; 94 
males 26 females - 7-20.05.1990, the same locality (V. 
Zinchenko, V. Dubatolov); a female - 10.05.1990, Tuva, the Ulug-
Khem district, 10 km east of the town Shagonar (V. Zinchenko)" 


     Oeneis magna pupavkini Korshunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "...In the Enisei River lower reaches and on the Polar Ural 
butterflies occur with more clear-cut band on the wing 
upperside, usually containing black spots, which are described 
as Oeneis magna pupavkini Korshunov, sbsp.n. 
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The fore wing upperside is 
brown with a dark outer margin and a dark apex (that, as a rule, 
is not met with in other subspecies), there are a black dot at 
the apex and, below it, two smaller dots on fulvous spots; on 
the hind wing [upperside] the fulvous band occupies its outer 
part almost entirely, it contains two black dots at the anal 
angle. The fringe is chequered, black-and-white. There are light 
scales on the fore wing underside which hide the dark marginal 
rim, yellow spots and black dots; the hind wing underside has a 
marble pattern, the light scales concentrating at the outer 
margin of the discal band and at the wing base above the cell. 
Other males have the same black dots or lack them, while one 
of them has large black spots, as in a female, which it was 
considered to be at the first glance.
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 27 mm. The wing upperside is 
brighter than in the male, the fulvous spots, containing black 
dots, on the fore wing are fused into a band. The black spots 
are large and centered with white pupils on both wing sides; the 
fore wing apex has a marble pattern underside; the hind wing 
underside is brighter than in the male. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 19.07.1978, the Putorana 
Plateau, the middle reaches of the Rybnaya river (D.I.Pupavkin). 
The allotype: a female - 12.07.1978, the same locality, a larch 
taiga. Paratypes: 1 male 1 female - 7-12.07.1978, the same 
locality, forest-tundra; 12 males 2 females - 15-27.07.1978, 
the same locality; a female -  1.08.1973, the Polar Ural, [the 
railway station] Kharp (V.N. Olshvang); 1 male 4 females - 4-
10.07.1994, the same locality (P. Gorbunov). 
The subspecies is named and dedicated to the 
memory of Dmitriy Maksomovich Pupavkin, a forest entomologist 
and an explorer of SIberia in 70s-80s years. "


     Oeneis aktashi ona Korshunov, 1996.

     Original description:
   "...The butterflies from the W Sayan are different by a 
greater developmemnt of pale-ochre coloured spots in the wing 
submarginal area, an often presence of dot ocelli, by brighter 
coloured females. Below we give a description of Oeneis aktashi 
ona Korshunov, sbsp.n.
   HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 24 mm. The wing upperside is 
brownish with pale-ochre brands along the outer margin, 
especially on the hind wing. There is a dark dot at the fore 
wing apex. The fore wing underside is evenly brown being lighter  
than the hind wing, which has a marble pattern and is darker in 
the area from the base to the cell apex, a band is noticeable 
with more or less rounded margin (which is, by the way, angular 
in O. sarala). 
   ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 23 mm. The upperside of wings is 
brown, their outer parts are ochre-brown owing to ochre-coloured 
scales forming a distinct field on the fore wing with two dark 
dots on it. The hind wing upperside is mottled due to alteration 
of dark, brown and ochre scales. On the wing underside the same 
alteration makes a marble pattern, especially on the hind wing.  
Only one dark dot is seen on the fore wing apex.  
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 28.07.1975. The Ona River 
headwaters, the Sayan Pass, the Saylyg-Khem-Taiga mountain 
range, a detritous ridge with Dryas, Betula nana rotundifolia, 
snow patches (Yu. P. Korshunov). The allotype: a female - 
25.07.1975, the same locality. Paratypes: 15 males 9 females, 
25-28.07.1975, the same locality; 1 male - 23.07.1993, the 
mountain Mungun-Taiga, barren summits (D.V. Logunov). 
   In the paratypes the dark dot on the fore wing is seen in 4 
specimens of 15. In almost a half of the paratypes the ochre 
spots are so much developed that the brown ground colour retains 
in the wing outer part as a narrow marginal band. In some 
females the mottleness is weakened, especially above, in some of 
them only one or no dark dot at the apex is seen. In some 
females the marble pattern beneath is paler. The specimen of 
1993 is peculiar - it is almost twice as small and the outer 
fielw on the hind wing underside is much lightened."
     

     Oeneis chione tshukota Korshunov 1998.

Original description: 
"HOLOTYPE: A male - F.w.l. 23 mm. Upperside light-brown, on fore wing below
cell a black androconial stroke is well seen. On wing outer area there is 
a black spot at apex and between veins Cu and M. On hind wing there is a 
black spot between cubital veins. Dots have white pupils both above and beneath.
Fore wing underside light-brown with a marbled apex, hind wing with a band
somewhat resembling that in dzhugdzhurim surrounded with light scales which
cover the most part of cell. Male genital apparatus see on Fig. It is of a
polyxenes type, differs by a peculiar structure of the uncus and valva.
ALLOTYPE. Female - F.w.l. 26 mm. Wing underside light-brown, sandy, on fore
wing there are four black dots, one of which being tiny and the upper one with
a white pupil; on hind wing above two large black dots in anal angle and 
a small one above. On hind wing underside dots as if darkened with brown scales,
band wider than in male, cell bears more brown scales than light ones. 
Fringe chequered in males and females. 
MATERIAL. Holotype - a male, 24.06.1967, 20 km of Markovo upstream the
Anadyr' River (A. Mirzaeva). Allotype - a female, 27.06.1967, 5 km W of
Markovo a meadow at a birch grove. Paratypes - two males - 26.06 and
10.07.1967, the same locality as the holotype, Poaceae/Cyperaceae community.
Seven males and seven females, 24, 26, 27.06.1967, the same locality as
the allotype (V. Skutov).
COMMENT. The butterflies to some extent resemble the western norna, differing
in the pattern, fringe, detail of the genital apparatus. As a matter of fact, 
there is no full similarity between the specimens of tshukota. Among the paratypes
the male has only a dot on either wing and a band intermediate between the 
holotype and allotype; in females there is a difference in black dots: from
one to two on fore wing to four on the left wing and three on the right wing.
The bands are more or less similar but the suffusion is of different proportion]
of light and brown scales."


     Lycaena phlaeas ganalica P. Gorbunov, 1995.

     Original description:
   " ...Peculiar butterflies from Kamchatka are described as 
Lycaena phlaeas ganalica P.Gorbunov, sbsp. n. MALE: F.w.l. is 
13.8 mm in the holotype, 14.1 in the paratype. The fore wing 
upperside in the basal, discal and postdiscal areas is copper-
coloured with suffusion of dark scales and eight black spots, in 
general it is darker than in other Siberian subspecies. The 
brown-grey margin is about 2 mm wide. The fore wing apex seems 
to be more acute and the angle of the outer and anal margins 
more blunt than in the subspecies phlaeas and polaris. The hind 
wing upperside is ash-grey with,  an orange streak 1.3-1.5 mm 
wide, with waving outer margin, along the wing outer margin. The 
underside is light-grey, in the central area of the fore wing it 
is yellowish-orange, generally noticeablylighter than in other 
Siberian subspecies. The pattern of black spot repeats that of 
phlaeas and polaris. The orange submarginal spots are almost 
invisible in the holotype and are represented by a fragmented 
streak, containing of five strokes, indented to 1.5-2 mm of the 
wing outer margin. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 14.07.83, Kamchatka,  
Ganal'skaya  Tundra, (V.N.Olshvang). A paratype: a male - 
14.07.83 the same locality." 
     Note: To my mind, this is not a subspecies but just one 
more variety of this greatly variable species. There are 
specimens from Kamchatka in the ISEA collection quite different 
from the described one.

    
     Heodes alciphron rubidus Korshunov, 1995

     The name was proposed in Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) as 
follows: "...A male from Mongolia described by Yu.P. Kosrhunov 
(1977) is designated here as Heodes alciphron rubidus Korsunov, 
sbsp. n. Additional material: a female - 16.07.1939, the Chita 
River headwaters (E.I. Pavlova)". Translation of the cited 
description, which should be considered as the original 
description of the subspecies, is follwoing:
   "Central [Aimak]: the stow Sudzukte, 15-16 VII 1925, 1 male 
[(P.K. Kozlov, E.V. Kozlova and colleagues)].
   MALE: The fore wing length is 16 mm. The violet flash on the 
wings is more weak expressed than in the typical form (the 
butterfly looks reddish), while the dark spots on the fore wing 
are more contrasted, especially in the cell. Almost double spots 
at the hind margin of the fore wing are well seen. On the hind 
wing underside the dark spots of the second row internally of 
the orange streak are not round, as in the typical form, but 
somewhat elongate, they are not ringed with light rims. The 
genitalia scarcely differ from the type." 


     Plebejus argus caerulea P. Gorbunov, 1995. 

     Original description:
  "... Blue upperside ground colour is found also in the males of 
P. argus from Central Yakutia. They approach by a number of 
external features to Plebejus tancrei verknojanicus, known from 
Yakutia, but well differ from them by the genitalia (see 
Appendix). We describe them here as Plebejus argus caerulea P. 
Gorbunov, sbsp. n. 
   HOLOTYPE: - a male. F.w.l.: 12.5 mm. The wing upperside is 
glittering-blue, whereas violet in other Siberian subspeceis. 
The dark border is about 1 mm wide, on the hind wing it is 
contacted by blask spots situated between the veins. The wing 
underside ground colour is pale-grey, a bit darker than in the 
South Yakutian butterflies of ssp. clarasiatica. On the fore 
wing upperside the marginal spots are small, clear-cut, the row 
of the postdiscal spots is less curved than in ssp. 
clarasiatica. 
   MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 28.06.1992, Central Yakutia, 
the Yakutsk city, the Botany Garden, a meadow on a larch wood 
edge (P. Gorbunov). Paratypes: a male - 28.06.1992, the same 
locality; 2 males - 2.07.1968, Yakutia (Zakharov)"
    Note: in fact this taxon resulted from confsion of the genitalia
preparations, the characters described belonged to a specimen of
Plebejus tancrei (P. Gorbunov, personal communication).


     Aricia eumedon fylgides P. Gorbunov, 1995.
     
     Original description:
   "...All the specimens from Kamchatka, known to us, have no 
white beam on the hind wing underside and are characterized by 
the black dots and orange spots (in males) of the hind wing 
underside smaller than in typical butterflies. We describe them 
as a subspecies Aricia eumedon fylgides P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n.
   MALE. F.w.l. 11.2-13.0 mm. The wing upperside is evenly dark-
brown. The wing underside ground colour is ash-grey. Five 
postdiscal spots on the fore wing and six on the hind wing are 
significantly smaller than in the nominotypical subspecies. The 
black discal spot on the fore wing is as well smaller. The 
discal spot on the hind wing is white, triangular in shape, in 
two paratypes with black scales in the centre. The white beam is 
absent. Dark spots at the fore wing outer margin are reduced to 
traces, the orange spots (peculiar to the subspecies eumedon) 
are not seen here. On the fore wing underside the orange spots 
are smallet than in the subspecies eumedon, their size reducing 
from the anal angle to the apex, the dark lulunes accompanying 
they internaly are weakly expressed. The hind wing base has a 
suffusion of glittering blueish scales, the black basal spots 
are absent or only one of them, closest to the fore margin, is 
present. The fringe is evenly white. 
   FEMALE. F.w.l. 13.4-14.2 mm. The wing upperside is brown with 
three orange lunules at the anal angle of the hind wing. The 
wing underside ground colour is brown-grey. The basal. discal 
and the postdiscal black spots are as in males. The orange 
submarginal spots are much larger, 3-4 of such pale-orange spots 
are present also on the fore wing. The black lunules 
(internally) and black dots (externally) accompanying the orange 
spots are less expressed than in the nominotypical subspecies.  
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 22.07.1983, Kamchatka, 
Paratunka (V.N. Olshvang). Paratypes: 2 males - 22.07.1983, the 
same locality; 3 males 1 female - 14.07.1983, Kamchatka, 
ganal'skaya Tundra (V.N. Olshvang); 3 males 1 female - 
6.07.1968, Kamchatka, the Mil'kovo District, the middle flow of 
the Kavycha River; 4 males - 18.06.1984, Kamchatka, the environs 
of the city of Petropavlovsk."


     Polyommatus icarus korshunovi P. Gorbunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "In the populations of S Siberia the appearance of 
butterflies is very diverse. However, in arid regions 
in average smaller individuals, with somewhat narrower wings, a 
whitish wing underside ground colour in males and greyish in 
females, evidently predominate. The orange submarginal spots in 
them are smaller than in the butterflies from more northern 
regions and are isolated from each other. The females have or 
have not red small submarginal lunules on the wing upperside, 
which is often substantially suffused with blue scales. Based on 
these characters we state a subspecies Polyommatus icarus 
korshunovi P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n.  
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 26.05.1990, Tuva, the Erzin 
River valley (V.V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: a male - the same 
locality; 2 females - 27.07.1972, Tuva, Toora-Khem (Yu.P. 
Korshunov); a female - 19.08.1962, Tuva, the Tes[-Khem] River 
(L. Violovich); a fenale and male - 17.06.1963, the same 
locality; 2 males - 18.06, 1987, Tuva, the Toszha District, Lake 
Azas, (V. Zinchenko); a male - 1-5.05.1993, Tuva, the Kyzyl city 
environs (D. Logunov); 2 males - Tuva, the Shivilig-Khem River, 
a bushy steppe (O. Kosterin); 3 males - 21.06.1907, SE Altai, 
the Chuiskaya Steppe, Kosh-Agach; a female - 13.07.1097, the 
Chuiskii Tract road, the Kuraiskaya Steppe [a collector is
dropped - it was E.G. Rodd] ; a female - 19.07.1966, SE ALtai, 
between the mountain Supor and the Chuiskaya Steppe, 2000-2400 m 
[above the sea level].


     Polyommatus icarus omelkoi Dubatolov et Korshunov, 1995

     Original description:
   "Butterflies from the southern Far East differ from the 
Siberian ones by in average larger size (f.w.l. being 17-19 mm 
in males, 16.5-18 mm), reduction of the basal suffusion with 
glittering scales on the hind wing underside, which usually does 
not extend out of the row of basal spots, enlarged black 
dots on the wing underside, and a lighter (whitish) wing 
underside ground colour in males. By these characters we state a 
subspecies Polyommatus icarus omelkoi Dubatolov et Korshunov, 
sbsp.n.
   MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 17.07.1993, Primorie, the 
Anuchinskii District, 14 km north of Chernyshevka (V.V. 
Dubatolov, V.K. Zinchenko). Paratypes: 2 males 2 females - 
15.07.1993, the same locality; 1 male - 18.07.1993, 20 km NNW of 
Chernyshevka, Kamenistyi Klyuch, a road in a montane broad-
leaved forest; 4 males - 11 and 13.07.1981, 21.07.1982, 
11.07.1985, N Korea (Im Khon An).
   The subspeceis is named after the surname of Omel'ko, Michail 
Michailovich, a lepidopterologist at the Ussuriiskii 
Reservation, an explorer of the life history of a number of 
butterfly species of S Primorie."


     Names suggested to replace junior homonyms.

    The name kurentzovi Korshunov, 1995 has been suggested for 
the subspecies Pyrgus centaureae sibirica Kurenzov, 1970 
(ranging in the Magadan Region and the Koryak Upland and 
characterized by a darker ground colour of the wing upperside 
and a reduced white spots on the hind wing upperside), since 
sibirica Kurenzov is a secondary homonym of Pyrgus sibirica 
(Reverdin, 1911). 

     The name Colias nastes dezhnevi Korshunov, 1995 has been 
suggested to replace Colias nastes sibirica Kurenzov, 1970, 
since the latter was preoccupied by Colias aurora sibirica 
Lederer, 1852. This subspecies, reported for Chukotka and the 
Kolyma River basin, has a pale greenish-yellow wing upperside 
ground colour, the light spots on the hind wing margin are of 
the ground colour. 

    The name sachelininsis in Clossiana oscarus sachalinensis 
Matsumura, 1936 was replaced, as an homonym, by the name 
insularia Korshunov, 1996.  

    The trinomen Erebia euryale iremelica Korshunov, 1995 was 
proposed to replace Erebia euryale uralensis Goltz, 1930 (= 
euryaloides auct., nec Tngstrom, 1869) which is a junior homonym 
for Erebia aethiops uralensis. This subspecies differ from the 
typical butterflies of Central Europe by small blind ocelli, 
which reside ona wide brownish-red band on the fore wing and 
often absent on the hind wing.

    The subspecies Erebia pandrose orientalis Goltz, 1930, was 
described for the mountains of S. Siberia, but this name 
was preoccupated by Erebia epiphron orientalis Elwes, 1900. For 
this reason I have replaced this name by yernikensis Korshunov, 1994, 
nom. nov. It differs from the butterflies of N Europe by in 
general smaller size and more faded colour of the postdiscal 
field on the fore wing upperside. 

    Pseudochazara tshujaca Korshunov, 1998 (=pallida auct.)
Translation of systematic notes:
"The form pallida Staudingerm 1901 was stated from specimens from
Spain (Granada, Andalusia) and by Elwes' Altaian collections.
As still N. J. Kusnezov (1909) has noted, the name pallida is
useful for designation of either small and pale butterflies. In
this situation it is correct for us to introduce the enw name in
a hope that someone who would designate a lectotype of pallida
would choose a Spanish specimen and would not attempt to close
this our initiative, as it recently took place with lederi and
close taxa.
The species tshujaca appeared an endemic of Altai, in this respect
it resembles a Crimean euxina. While in Crimea an island isolation
explains much, in Altai the reasons were perhaps more complicated,
perhaps gene drift or a special reaction to extremum highland
condition. The male genital apparatus is slightly affected, there is
no specific differences from hippolyte, as well as in euxina. V. Ivonin
has noticed that in tshujaka and hippolyte, except for the difference
in the visible androconial spots, there is a difference in the androconial
scales and as well on disposition and colour of scales on the antennal
club: in hyppolyte the entire club is scale-clad while in tshujaca
only in part."

     A name otton Korshunov, 1996 was proposed for a subspecies 
of Plebejus lucifer instead of biton Bremer, 1861, which is a 
primary homonym to biton Sulz, 1776 - a subspecies of 
Polyommatus damon (D. et Sch., 1775).  

     A name Aricia nicias kolosovi Korshunov, 1995 was proposed
pro Lycaena nicias septentrionalis Krulikowsky in Seitz, 1909,
nec. Lycaena icarus septentrionalis Fusch, 1900, differing from
the Central European butterflies by a paler wing underside and
in average narrower marginal band in males.



REFERENCES
   Jong, de, R. 1972. Systematic and evolution of Palaearctic 
Spialia species (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). - Tijdschr. 
Entomol., 117: 225-271
   Korshunov, Yu. P. 1977. [Butterflies (Lepidoptera, 
Rhopalocera) of tthe Mongolian People's Republic. II]. - In: 
Nasekomye Mongolii [Insects of Mongolia], iss. 5. Leningrad. P. 
649-681. [In Russian]. 
   Korshunov, Yu. P. 1985. [Notes on the systematics of the 
butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) of the USSR fauna]. - In: 
Sistematika i ekologiya chlenistonogikh i gel'mintov 
[Systematics and Ecology of Arthropods and Helmints]. Nauka, the 
Siberian Division, Novosibirsk. pp. 62-66. [In Russian]
   Korshunov, Yu. 1996. Dopolneniya i ispravleniya k knige 
Dnevnye babochki aziatskoi chasti Rossii [Additions and 
corrections to the book "Butterflies of the Asian part of 
Russia"]. Publishing group "ETa Grp", Novosibirsk. 66 p. [in 
Russian]
   Korshunov, Yu. P. Novye opisaniya i utochneniya dlya knigi
"Dnevnye babochki aziatskoi chasti Rossii" [New Descriptions and
Specifications for the book 'Butterflies of Asian part of Russia'].
 - Novosibirsk - 1998 - 71 p. [in Russian]
   Korshunov, Yu., P. Gorbunov. 1995. Dnevnye babochki Aziatskoi 
chasti Rossii. Spravochnik. [Butterflies of the Asian part of 
Russia. A handbook]. Ekaterinburg State Yniversity Press, 
Ekaterinburg. 202 p. [In Russian]
   Kosterin, O.E. 1993. Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Diurna) of 
the Koni Peninsula (Magadan Region). Actias (Russian Journal of 
Scientific Lepidopterology). 1-2:77-81. 
   Kurenzov, A.I. 1970. Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dal'nego 
Vostoka SSSR: opredelitel' [Butterflies of the Far East of the 
USSR: a guide]. Nauka, Leningrad. 164 p. [in Russian]
   Lukhtanov, V., A. Lukhtanov. 1994. Die Tagfalter 
Nordwestasiens. Herbipoliana, 3. heransgeber: Dr. Ulf 
Eitschberger, Marktletleuthen. 440 S, 55 Taf.

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