3
In 1995 Y. Korshunov with P. Gorbunov (Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995) have published in Ekaterinburg, in Russian in 400 copies, a handbook of butterflies of the Asian part of Russia, which contained a lot of new taxa and some new names proposed to replace the homonyms. Unfortunately, information on these taxa is not so far available for a world-wide community of lepidopterologists. However, it is inevitable for their taxonomical work, even if they would not agree with some of these taxa. Later Y. Korshunov has published (in 200 copies Novosibirsk) the corrections and extensive new data in a special issue (Korshunov, 1996), which as well contained a number of new taxa and new names, and, in 1998, another analogous correction (Korshunov, 1998), as well with new descritions. English translations of all these descriptions are now available, which are suggested here for a kind attention of lepidopterologists. Several taxa were described in those books by other authors, and they are also included here. These are exact translations of the original descriptions. Small corrections or explanations are introduced into them in square brackets where necessary, in some cases relevant systematic notes are added below. Which taxon was published in which work can be inferred from the years of descriptions. An abbreviation "f.w.l." means "the fore wing length".
The type materials of the new taxa are kept in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum at the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, partly - in the Institute of Ecology of Plants and Animals, the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg.
Translator's notes: Translation into another language always helps to formulate the sense better. It is useful for a translator to make some suggestions to the athor to express some details in some other way to make them more precise, correct or concise. This is just the thing I was not able to afford myself when translating these original Russian descriptions. In many points I would advice the authors to formulate their notions in a more direct and precise way in Russian. (In particular, descriptions in (Korshunov, 1998) are extremely bad, to my opinion, and the corresponding taxa often seem to be very weak). Yet I had to preserve their style and terminology as much as both the foreign language as such and my notion of it allowed. I hope a reader would kindly take it into account.
Spialia orbifer pseudolugens P. Gorbunov, 1995 Original description: "...For Siberia and Primorye the taxon lugens Staudinger, 1886, stated from the region of the Ferghana town, was reported (de Jong, 1978). It seems, however, an independent species of no relation to the fauna of North Asia. Butterflies from S Ural, S. Siberia, and the mountains of E Kazakhstan are close to the nominotypical subspecies (V. und A. Lukhtanov, 1994). From a typical lugens from the Pamiro-Alai Mts. they differ by a dark ground colour of the wing upperside, small size of white marks, an even colouration of the hind wing underside (without pale- brown spots), and also the male genitalia structure. Fro, the subspecies orbifer they differ by more elongate wings and muddy- greenish-brown ground colour of the wing underside (which is usually brown in the subspecies orbifer). By these characters a subspecies Spialia orbifer pseudolugens P. Gorbunov, sbsp. n. is being stated. F.w.l. in the type series is 11.2-13.2 mm in males and 13.1-13.8 in females. The hind wing underside ground colour in females is brown-ochre, much lighter than in males. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 10.06.1994, W Altai, the station Turgusun environs, the Osinovka River valley (P.Yu. Gorbunov). Paratypes: 9 males 1 female - the same locality; 2 males - 28.05.1995, the same locality (Yu.A. Shevnin); 2 males - 16.06.1992, SE Altai, the village Aktash (V.G. Barkhatov); a female - 29.06.1986, S. Ural, the station Poletaevo (A. Razboinikov); 8 males 2 females - [the date was dropped, it is 12.06.1993] the Dzhungarian Alatau Mt. Chain, the environs of the village Tekeli [in fact it is a city - Yu. K.], the Kora River, 1500 m (V. Dubatolov, O. Kosterin)." Pyrgus serratuilae shukshini Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996 Original description: "For the mountains of S Siberia a new subspecies is being descrobid - Pyrgus serratuilae shukshini Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 14 mm. On the fore wing upperside the white spots are distinct and on the hind wing they are diffuse, greyish-white on the brownish-black background. The hind wing underside is ground-green with white spots with distinct margins; there is a large white oval spot at the wing base and the fore margin, and a double rectangular spot at the cell is well expressed. In the nominotypical subspecies the spot at the anal angle of the hind wing is not roundish and the spot at the cell is of an irregular shape. In [P.s.] uralensis these spots present in some specimens, but the butterflies are small, with larger white spots on the wing upperside. The hind wing underside has more white scales on the ground colour. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 14 mm. The wing upperside is as in the male, the hind wing is darker, almost without spots. In other females greyish-white spots are more noticeable on the hind wing. The patterin of the underside is as in males. The fringe in both sexes is chequered. The butterflies from Tuva are similar with shukshini by all the characters, but they are smaller, f.w.l. being 11-13 mm. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 12.06.1995, Altai, the Chibit village surroundings, the Chuya River valley, a forb meadow (V. Ivonin). The allotype: a female, the same locality and date. Paratypes: 4 males 3 females - 12.06.1995, the same locality; a male - 10.06.1902, the Katun' River, Ustyuba (G. Orlov); a male - 14.08.1959, Altai, the village Kurai (L. Zheltikova), a male - 17.08.1960, teh same locality; a male - 9.06.1974, Altai, the village Berkh-Kukuya, the Cherginskii Mt. Range (V. Dubatolov); a male - 13.06.1989, the Novosibirsk Region, the upland [very low] Sokur, the village Acha (Yu. Korshunov), a female - 17.06.1982, the same locality; a female - Tuva, Lake Azas (V. Zinchenko); a male - 23.07.1988, Kyzyl (V. Zinchenko); a male and female - 16.06 znd 3.07.1988, Tuva, 35 km west of the village Samagaltai, theShivilig-Khem River left bank (M. Sergeev); a male - 17.07.1990, the same locality (O. Kosterin); a male - 1.07.1963. The new subspecies is named by the surname of Shukshin, Vasilii Makarovich (1929-1974), a well known Siberian writer born in Altai." Three new subspecies of Hesperia comma (Linnaeus, 1758) have been described from Siberia (Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995). It was stated that "a variation exists in females within these subspecies, and they have certain differences in configuration of the teeth on the valva and other details of male genitalia." In (Korshunov, 1996) iis stated that they differ from the nominotypical subspecies by the ground colour, the spots, the presence of their dark rims; in the male genitalia there are differences in the shape of teeth on the valva. In the lateral view the apical processus of the valva bears small teeth in ssp. sushkini and is lower than the basal spine, in ssp. planula the processus lacks teeth and is on the same level as the basal spine, in ssp. lena the processus is lower than the spine and is covered with uneven knobs. Hesperia comma lena Korshunov et P.Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 16 mm. The wing upperside is relatively dark, brown with fulvous spots; the underside of the hind wing and of the fore wing apex are of a muddy-green ground colour, the inner margin of the hind wing underside being yellowish; the white spots are contrasted but their dark rims are not distinct as being hidden by muddy-green scales. ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 15 mm. On the wing upperside the dark-fulvous colour is to a great extent displaced by dark-brown scales. The androconial stroke contains a light stria inside. The hind wing underside is muddy-green, with a fulvous suffusion at the anal angle and with roundish and angular white spots, their dark rims being masked by the scales of the ground colour. MATERIALS: the holotype: a female, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, 356th km of road Khandyga-Magadan, a damp meadow on the Suntar river bank, 19th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); the allotype: a male, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, 232-nd km of road Khandyga-Magadan, a mountain Baranya, 1600 m altitude, 7th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); paratypes: male and female - C. Yakutia, settlement Khaptagay, the Tamma river valley, 20th July 1973 (Yu.N.Ammosov leg.); 10 males 8 females - Suntar- Khayata mountain range, 232-nd km of road Khandyga-Magadan, 16th-27nd June and 1si-22th July 1985 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); 2 females, Yakutsk, Botanical Garden, (V.V.Dubatolov leg.), a male - NW. Chukotka, 100 km south of settlement Pevek, Ust'-Chaun, 24th July 1986 (V.K.Zinchenko leg.)." Hesperia comma planula Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 15 mm. The fore wing apex is more pointed than in the nominotypical subspecies; the fore wing upperside is light-fulvous with less amount of dark scales; the androconial stroke contains a conspicuous light streak; the hind wing underside is yellowish-green (while in Swedish specimens it is olive-green) with angular white spots. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 16 mm. On the fore wing upperside the yellow scales cover not all the white spots, this especially concerns the spots at the outer margin. The hind wing underside is yellowish-green with large white spots in dark rims. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male, Novosibirsk region, settlement Karasuk, Lake Krotovaya Lyaga, a birch grove edge, 29th July 1981 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); the allotype: a female, Novosibirsk region, 10 km NNW of town Zdvinsk, a steppefied meadow at a road, 14th August 1990 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); paratypes: a female, environs of Barnaul,29th July 1902 (E.G.Rodd, leg.); 1 male 2 females - Novosibirsk region, village Novyy Sharap, birch kolki 8th, 19th, and 28th August 1957; a female - the same locality, 2nd August 1959; Novosibirsk region, railway station Izdrevaya, 1st July 1959; a male - Tyumen' region, village Oktyabr'skoe, the Ob' bank, 9th July 1969 (Yu.P.Korshunov leg.); a male - surroundings of Chelyabinsk, 30th July 1979 (A.E.Kulyginskiy leg.); a female - Chelyabinsk region: town Troitsk surroundings, 14th August 1982 (M.F.Manapov leg.); 1 male 5 females - Novosibirsk region, settlement Karasuk, Lake Krotovaya Lyaga, 23th July 1981; a male - the same locality, 10th August 1990; a female - the same locality, 11th August 1990 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); a male - Novosibirsk region, 10 km NNW of town Zdvinsk, 19th August 1990 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.)." Hesperia comma sushkini Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 18 mm. All the light-yellow spots are distinct on a dark ground colour of the wing upperside; the hind wing upperside is grey-green with a light- grey inner border; the scales at the anal angle are lighter than others and so form a conspicuous spot; the white spots are distinct, of intermediate size ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 16 mm. The wing upperside is fulvous, the outer area of the fore wing and the margins of the hind wing are dark; the androconial stroke contains a light stria; the white spots of the hind wing underside are large, distinct, with dark rims. MATERIALS: the holotype: a female, Altai, the Chulyshman river valley, 19th August 1980 (M.Ivonina leg.); the allotype: a male, Altai, Katunskiy mountain range, the Nizhniy Kuragan river bank terrace at the mouth, a steppefied meadow, 24th July 1986 (O.E.Kosterin leg.); paratypes: a female - Nizhnyaya Ustyuba, 25th July 1902 (G.Orlov leg.); 3 males - N. Pribaikalye, the Malaya Kosa river, a larch wood edge (Velizhanin leg.); 1 male 1 female - Novosibirsk region, Bugotakskie Sopki [Bugotak Hills] at settlement Semenovskiy, 5th August 1982 (V.V.Ivonin leg.); a male - Krasnoyarskiy Kray, the Sayano-Shushenskiy reserve, the Uzun-Suk river, 11-16th August 1988 (V.A.Vagin leg.); a male - West Altai, Glubokaya, 2nd September 1990 (V.K.Zinchenko leg.). The subspecies is named after the surname of Petr Petrovich Sushkin (1868-1928), a known ornitologist and lepidopterologist, who collected Lepidoptera in the mountains of South Siberia togerther with S.S. Chetverikov." Note: the spelling "shushkini" printed in the headline of the original description is clearly an error, since it was clearly stated that the taxon is named after the surnameSushkin. Leptidea amurensis jacutia P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "Butterflies from Central Yakutia differ by a noticeable yellowish tint on the wing upperside and more intensive, than in other subspecies, ochre suffusion on the underside of the hind wing and on the most part, at the apex and the fore margin, of the fore wing. By these characters we state a subspecies Leptidea amurensis jacutia P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, sbsp.n. MATERIALS: Holotype: a male - 2.06.1985, Yakutsk, the botanical garden (V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: a male - 21.06.1962, the same locality; 2 males - 28.05.1985, the same locality; a male - 2.06.1985 - the same locality." Pontia daplidice kulyginskyi Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "...Discovery of the taxon which we describe below belongs to an Uralian colleague E. A. Kulyginsky. When sending us these miniature butterflies he persuaded us much to pay a special attention to them. All this took place still before discussion of the publications devoted to the differences between daplidice and edusa. That time he stressed that in the Chelyabinsk Province in 1975-1979 he mei with exclusively large form of the . And only at station Bredy in 1978 in August he found small butterflies which he at first visually confused with some light blues. Having received these small imagines in 1977 we found them similar with those small specimens of which were regularly observed by us in spring and autumn in the Novosibirsk Province. Check of these materials nowadays have showed a difference: only the butterflies from the South Ural are close to daplidice, and we describe them in the memory of EUvgenii Aleksandrovich Kulyginskii as Pontia daplidice kulyginskyi Korshunov, sbsp. n. F.w.l.: 17-20 mm. HOLOTYPE: a male, above and beneath its pattern, as wellas that of the paratypes, little differ from edusa, but one can note that the discal spot have a central lightening. ALLOTYPE: a female, which also resembles edusa, but it, as well as the paratypes, has a black pattern on the hind wing upperside more developed and has no a dark strope at ourer margin at anal angle in front of the black rounded spots. Among the paratypes a female is conspicuous with the fore wing length of 22 mm, in which a dark suffusion is developed on the fore wing extending from the apical black spots to the middle of the cell, while on the fore wing underside such a suffusion is expressed only at the cell. The hind wing underside is also of an aberrant nature as almost entire its surface is densely suffused with yellowish-green scales, white spots being hardly noticeable in the center of the wing and well expressed only along the margin. MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 15.08.1978, Bredy, steppe, E. A. Kulyginsky. Holotype - a female, 15.08.1978, the same label. Paratypes - five males and three females - 16.08.1978, a steppefied forest edge at station Bredy. In spring 1997 on 19th May in the Orenburg Nature Reserve, in the Burtinskaya Steppe a male with the fore wing length of 19 mm was collected by our colleague I. Lyubechanskii. This was a first corroboration of a reality of the subspecies described." Euchloe ausonia dubatolovi Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "... The butterflies from Altai, described below, differ from the western subspecies by a faded muddy-green hind wing underside ground colour and smaller white spots. By these and other traits they look like a peculiar transition (especially in the populationf of the Chuya River valley) to E. naina. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l: 22 mm. The wing upperside is white; the fore wing apex is suffused with dark scales, the suffusion containing three white spots; the dark discoidal spot is crescent-shaped. The fore wing underside is white, the dark discoidal spot with a contrasted light discoidal vein; the apex is suffused with dark and green scales and has the same white spots as on the upperside; the costal margin with short black striae. The hind wing underside is greyish-green with white spots of different sizes, mainly with sharp edges. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 23 mm. The wing upperside is white; the dark discoidal spot is large, concave on its sides, and, as different from E. n. naina [an error - must be E. ausonia ausonia - Yu.K.], is not fused [along suffused veins] with the apical suffusion, which contains three elongate white spots. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male, Altai, Katunskiy mt. range, 15 km SW of village Katanda, interfluve of the Kuragan and Kucherla rivers, alpine meadow, 2300 m, 13th July 1983 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); the allotype: a female, the same locality, 14th July 1983 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); paratypes: Altai, Ust'-Kan district, Karlinskiy Pass, 15th July 1970 (Kosinykh leg.); a male - the same locality as for the holotype, 12th July 1983 (V.V.Dubatolov leg.); 1 male 1 female - Katunskiy mt. range, the Katun' river headwaters at the Kapchal river mouth, 1700 m, 9th July 1987 (O.Kosterin leg.); a male - the Kapchal valley, 2300 m, 10th July 1987 (O.Kosterin leg.); 2 males 1 female - the Katun' headwaters, stow Altyn-Bulak, an old felled land, 1800 m, 13th July 1987 (O.Kosterin leg.); a male - Katunskiy mt. range, lower reaches of the Koksu river, 1600 m, 2th July 1988 (O.Kosterin leg.); a male - left bank of the Koksu river, long-forb meadow on wood opening, 1900 m, 12th July 1988 (O.Kosterin leg.); 1 male 2 females - the Argem (Direntay) river (a tributary of the Koksu) headwaters, an alpine meadow, 2200 m, 21th July 1988 (O.Kosterin leg.); a male, Kholzun mt. range, watershed of the Tigirek and Khamir river headwaters, 2300 m, 17th July 1983 (V.A.Lukhtanov leg.). The subspecies is named after the surname of Vladimir Vladimirovich [must be Viktorovich instead of Vladimirovich - Yu.K.], an entomologist of ISEA (Novosibirsk) who collected a part of the type series of the new subspecies. " Euchloe naina kuznezovi Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "...Below we describe the butterflies from the Yenisei River low reaches, Taymyr, and the Putorana Plateau. They are closer to the subspecies naina than to jacutia, but differ from the former by in average more narrow wings and a darker hind wing underside ground colour. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l: 22 mm. The wing upperside is white; the fore wing costal margin from the base to the discoidal vein is suffused with black scales, further to the apex there are alternating black and white patches along the margin; the discoidal vein is accompanied by a figured dark spot which is to some extent more rounded than in E. naina naina. At the apex there are a dark stripe 2-3 mm wide which is parallel to the outer margin, and dark spots at the vein endings at the margin; the space between the stripe and the margin being generally white while in E. naina naina it is almost fully suffused. On the fore wing underside the dark discoidal spot is larger than in E.n. naina. The hind wing underside is almost exactly identical to that of E.n. naina, but the veins are not so conspicuous. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 23 mm. On the wing upperside the white ground colour is almost displaced by a dark suffusion, the white areas remaining only in the centre and at the edges of the wing. The hind wing underside ground colour is greyish-green without a dark suffusion; the veins are not contrasted. MATERIALS: the holotype - the Yenisey lower reaches, the Irbo-Keta river middle flow, 18th July 1982 (D.M.Pupavkin leg); allotype - the same locality, 21st July 1982; paratypes: 5 males 3 females - the Yenisey lower reaches, the Rybnaya river middle flow, 12th-21st July 1982 a male - the Yenisey lower reaches, the Togbym river middle flow, 12th July 1982; 14 males 11 females - the Yenisey lower reaches, the Irbo-Keta river middle flow, 18th July 1982 (D.M.Pupavkin leg); a male - Taymyr, the Ary-Mas forest, July 1983 (Polovinkina leg.) The subspecies being describing was earlier reported (Korshunov, 1985) as E. ausonia arctica, as it was designated in the labels by Nikolay Yakovlevich Kusnezov (1873-1948), a well- known Russian lepidopterologist and zoogeographist of the first half of this century. " Colias palaeno gomojunovae Koshunov, 1996. Original description: "...It was Kurenzov (1970) who first noticed that Chukotka is inhabited by a peculiar variety of palaeno but he thought that it is identical to the form of Alaska, designed by him as schippewa (lapsus calami - Yu.K.) instead of chippewa Edw. However, the males of chippewa resemble our specimens only by the wing upperside, but the butterflies are much more yellow [above] and the marginal band is wider and is not cut through by [light] veins; the wing underside is more greenish, the discal spots are absent or hardly noticeable only on the fore wings. In the females from Alaska [I have studied 7 males and 3 females from there] black discal spots are seen above and beneath, the ground colour is yellowish. The females from Chukotka have a yellowish-white ground colour and no discal spots. There is also a difference in the genitalia, that was mentionned by Kurenzov (1970). By these characters we describe a new subspecies Colias palaeno gomojunovae Koshunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.20 mm. The wing upperside is yellowish green, the marginal spots on the fore wing are wider than on the hind wing, the colour of the marginal band is brownish, the band is not cut through by light veins. There is no discal spot on the fore wing upperside, but it is slightly seen on the underside of both wings. The hind wing underside is yellowish- green, with scattered grey scales. The fore wing underside is of the same colour, but grey scales present only at the costal margin. On the hind wing underside the silvery spot large, its diameter approximately equals to the length of elongate (and also silvery) spot on the transversal vein. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 21 mm. The wing upperside is yellowish-white. The marginal band at the apex is relatively wide, it is tapering to the anal angle, forming a kind of a triangle. Light spots present only in its wide part. On the hind wind there is only a narrow marginal streak at the fore angle. The discal spots are missing. The hind wing underside is muddy- green, a silvery spot is smaller than in the male, there is an additional tiny round spot above it. On the fore wing upperside there is only traces of the discal spot, the apex is of the same colour as the hind wing, the rest part of the wing is light. In the male paratypes the marginal band is distinctly cut through by light veins only in 3 [of 7] specimens, which are worn out, in fresh specimens it is darker and is covered with silvery scales beckoming worn out later. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 30.07.1968, the Magadan Region, The Bilibino District (N. Gomoyunova); the allotype: a female - 12.07.1968, the left bank of the Khoroshaya River, a tributary of the Molondzha River, herbs/dwarf birches and willows/cloudberry (N. Gomojunova). Paratypes: 2 males - 3 and 15.07.1967, the settlement Markovo on the Anadyr' River (A.G. Mirzaeva); 2 males 1 female - 12 and 13.07.1968, the Khoroshaya River left bank; a male - 19.07.1969, the Molondzha River floodland; 2 males 2 females - 10 and 14.07.1969, the Magadan Region, the Kegali River, a larch parkland with the dwarf birches and willows; 2 males - 25.07 1nd 2.08.1986, West Chukotka, [the settelment] Ust'-Chaun, 100 km south of Pevek (V. Dubatolov). The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of Nina Petrovna Gomojunova (1933-1973) - an entomologist and parasitologist of the Biological Institute of Siberian Division of the Academy of Sciences, who collected in Chukotka following the nomadic rain-deer breeders. She tragically perished in an aircraft cetestrophe." Colias chrysotheme elena P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "...Below we describe very peculiar butterflies of the Altai Mountains, the Sayans, and the mountains of Tuva, differing from lowland subspecies by a more even and bright colouration of the wing upperside, narrower light [streaks along the] veins in the dark marginal band in males and darker and more contrasted colouration of females, which tend to resemble C. thisoa by these characters. Colias chrysotheme elena P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. MALE: F.w.l. 24.4-27.9 mm (26.2 mm in the holotype). The wing upperside is light-orange with a narrow yellowish stripe along the fore wiong fore margin and an area of the same colour at the anal margin of the hind wing. A slight suffusion with dark scales is noticeable on the hind wing. The marginal band on the fore wing in its middle part is 3.5-5 mm wide, usually all over its length it is cut through with narrow light [streaks along the] veins, which most often don't reach the fringe. The maximum width of the marginal band on the hind wing is 2.4-4 mm; light venal streaks on it are even narrower than on the fore wing, in some specimens they are hardly seen at the internal margin of the band. Underside the ground colour of the hind wing is yellow, that in the central area of the fore wing is orange- yellow, the pattern is as in the subspecies andre. The genitalia are alike those in C. chrysotheme andre and C. thisoa [the statement concerning thisoa is evidently of no relevance - Yu.K]. FEMALE: F.w.l. 25.5-28.7 mm (27.6 mm in the allotype). The fore wing upperside is bright orange-red (while in the subspecies andre they are yellwoish-orange or orange-yellow) with a dark suffusion in the basal area and at the fore margin. The marginal band on the fore wing is blackish-brown, 4.8-6.0 mm wide in its narrowest part, with very contrasted 6-7 yellwo spots. The black discal spot is large, usually of a triangular shape. The hind wing upperside is muddy-orange (much darker than in the females of andre) with an orange discal spot about 2 mm in diameter. On the hind wing the marginal band contains two yellow spots at the apex, four other yellow spots interrupt the band fusing with the ground colour at its internal margin. The discal spot is oval-shaped, 3.0-3.6 mm long. The wing upperside ground colour is greenish-yellow, but orange in the central area of the fore wing. There is a row of 3-5 black spots along the outer margin of the wore wing. The discal spot on the fore wing underside is somewhat larger than on the upperside and contains a light dot. On the hind wing underside just above an oval silvery discal spot there is an additional small silvery spot. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 29.06.1993, SE Altai, the village Aktash (V. Barkhatov). The allotype: a female - 26.07.1982, Tuva, Choon-Khem (O. Fileva). Paratypes: 3 males - 2-3.07.1971 , Tuva, the settlement Shuurmak,a steppe (S. Nikolaev); a female - 25.06.1971, the same locality; a female - 16.07.1980, Altai Mts., the Seminskii Pass (Yu. Korshunov); 2 males - 25.06.1992, SE ALtai, the village Aktash (V. Barkhatov); 14 males 1 female - 27-29.06.1993, the same locality." Colias thisoa nikolaevi Korshunov, 1998. Original description: " Specimens from the mountains of S Siberia have differences and we describe them as C. thisoa nikolaevi Korshunov, sbsp. n. Holotype - a male. F.w.l. 25 mm. The wing uppertside intensive yellow with a weak violet flash, while in the western butterflies they are red-yellow with a stronger flash. As different from the nominotypic subspecies the black border is somewhat narower. The silvery spot on the hind wing underside larger. In females fore wing upperside red-orange, brighter than in males. As compared with other subspecies, their wings are less suffused with black and red scales. Fore wing outer margin quite straight. The dark border at anal angle above fore wing narrower than in the Tien Shan race urumtsiensis Verity, 1909, without a violet tint, it contains relatively large yellow spots of different size. MATERIALS: holotype - a male, 20.06.1960. Altai, Kurai, the stow Tyurguno, a steppen patch. Paratypes - five females - 14.07.1959, Chuiskaya Step', the Yustyd' River valley at village Ak-Tal, two males - 11.07 and 27.08.1960, Kurai, the stow Argatyt, a female and male - 20.07.1960, Kurai, a male and three females - 7.07.1973, the valley to Aktru, 12 km south of Kurai, meadows in front of a forest, a male - 2.07.1986, Altai Nature Reserve, Lake Dzhulukul', 2200 m, N. Zolotukhin, a male - 20.07.1972, Tuva, Moren, a river valley, J. Vijdalepp, three males, two females - 10.06.1992, village Aktash, Kurai Mt. Range, a steppefied slope, 2100 m, V. Barkhatov. The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergei L'vovich Nikolaev, who collected many ALtai butterflies for the Zoological Museum collection and was our faithful comrade in varuious Siberian expeditions." GENUS RODDIA Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "Type species: Papilio l-album Esper, 1780. A monotypic Holarctic genus. The imago fore wing length is 26- 32 mm. The wing shape and pattern resemble those of both Polygonia and Nymphalis genera. The wing outer margin is toothed. The wing upperside is reddish-fulvous with rather large black spots and a white spot at the costal margin of each wing. The wing bases are covered with dense soft hairs. The wing underside is brown, the postdiscoidal area being lighter, with dark strokes or reddish-brown. The taxon is named in the honour of a forester and entomologist Eugeniy Georgievich Rodd (1871-1933), an explorer of Altai and the Upper Priobye." Euphydryas iduna semenovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996 Original description: "The upland Kuznetskoe Nagorye is inhabited by bright butterflies almost twice as large [as E. iduna sajana Higgins, 1950], the females being larger than males. Specimens occur among them with a darker pattern, alike ab. sulitelmica Schultz, 1906. These large butterflies are designated here as E. iduna semenovi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 24 mm. The pattern is as in the main form, but light elements are more distinct and suffusion with dark scales is diminished on them. There are small dark spots at the vein ends. ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 20 mm. The light elements of the pattern above are suffused with grey and dark scales, especially at the fulvous band. Beneath the light elements are as in the female. MATERIALS: The holotype: a female - 14.7.1975, Khakassia, surroundings of the mountain Bobrovaya, a stream being a tributary of the Sarala River (Yu. Korshunov). The allotype: a male - 7.07.1975, the same locality, on a dandelion inflorescence. Paratypes: 47 males 15 females - 7- 14.07.1975, the same locality; 5 males 3 females, 30.06- 9.07.1996, the Kedrovaya River Valley at the mountain Chemodan; 8 males 1 female, 4.07.1996, the valley of the Krasnaya Rechka River, a tributary of the Srednyaya Ters' River; 5 males 3 females - 5.07.1996, the mountain Stanovoi Khrebet [not to confuse with homonymic mountain range in Transbaikalia]; 1 male - 6.07.1996, a lake at the mountain Medvezhya; 1 male 1 female - 8 and 10.07.196, meadows at the mountains Chemodan and Lysaya (V. Ivonin). In general, the butterflies prefer meadows with Viola altaica on mountains slopes and at screes. They were noticed to feed on the flowers of valeriana, Bistorta bistorta, Ranunculus, taraxacum, rarely on Umbelliferae. The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of our teacher Semenov, Boris Sergeevich, which as long ago as in 20s collected Lepidoptera in these places and discovered Argynnis sagana in the ters' Rivers basin. For a long tome he was a head of the Nature division of the Novosibirsk Museum of Local Lore. " Euphydryas iduna alferakyi Korshunov [et P. Gorbunov, that was omited in the publication - Yu.P.] 1996 Original description: "...Yakutian butterflies differ from others, They look mottled. differ from the typical ones by pure white and brick-red spots on both wing sides and a larger size. We name them Euphydryas iduna alferakyi Korshunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 19 mm. There is a transversal band of black scales on the white field on the wing upperside. The wing undesride have a contrasted pattern, characteristic to the species, and black veins. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 23 mm. Close to the male in the pattern and colouration but has more black scales on the white areas on the wing upperside. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 21.06.1985, E Yakutia, 18 km NEE of the settlement Khandyga, the Khandyga River headwaters (V. Dubatolov). The allotype: a female, 12.06.1985, E. Yakutia, the ALdan River, Khandyga, a damp clearing in a larch forest (V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: 2 males, 26.06.1971, the settlement Argatakh on the Srednekolymskii District of Yakutia (P. Polyakova); 2 males 1 female, 16.06 - 15.07.1973 and 1 female - 20.06.1979, the In'yali River headwaters, Yakutia (N. N. Vinokurov); 4 males - 12.06.1985, the Aldan River; 11 males 5 females - 21.06- 17.07.1985, the Khandyga River headwaters; 7 males 2 females - 5-20.07.1985, the Suntar River low reaches, the Indigirka River basin; 8 males 3 females - 17-18.07.1985, the Kyubyume River, the Indigirka basin (V. Dubatolov); 1 male - 30.06.1985 - the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the mountain baranya (L. Popova); 1 male - 15.07.1990, E yakutia, the Myurale River headwaters (M. Zakharov). The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergey Nokolaevich Alferaky (1850-1918), an author of works on Siberia and a great number of taxa." Melitaea menetriesi westsibirica Dubatolov in Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION. Subspeceis westsibiricva Dubatolov, sbsp.n. - Verkhnee Priobye [the Upper Ob' basin]. F.w.l. 14-19 mm. Externally little differs from the subspeceis from the South Siberiam mountains, resembles also aurelia. The main feature - tegumen in aurelia without distinct teeth, in westsibirica the teeth are long while aedeagus apically has a transparent prominence bearing a curved upwards processus, as in aurelia. These butterflies occur sympatrically at Karasuk and southwards, in the Altaiskii Krai Province. MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 29.06.1957, the village Novyi Sharap of Ordynskii District of Novosibirsk Province (Y. Korshunov). Paratypes - 3 males, 22.06.1958, 25.06.1959, the same label, a female, 17.06.1982, village Acha of Bolotninskii District of Novosibirsk Province (Y. Korshunov), a male, 8.06.1994, village Nizhnii Koen of Iskitim District of Novosibirsk Province (V. Ivonin)". Melitaea latonigena ukoka Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "Below data are given about an isolated population of latonigena on the Ukok Plateau (SE Altai) in the Kalguty River basin. In extremal conditions of highland biotopes among bunch-grass tundras on a height above 2000 m. A. V. Bondarenko found out more than two dozens of specimens which we name here as M. latonigena ukoka Korshunov, sbsp. n. Males differ by a partai reduction of black pattern, females by a distinct black chequered pattern on the light ground colour. HOLOTYPE. A male of 11.07.1997, f.w.l. 17 mm, of black spots on fore wing well develped are marginal ones - at light fringe and next, and then only in the middle of the wing close to the base. So the outer field lacks the spots completely, while in all other forms of latonigena this area of the wing has either black dots between the veins or even dots fused into a chain, as in atrata. In one male of the paratypes the central row of spots is also not expressed. ALLOTYPE. Female of 11.07.1997. F.w.l. 18 mm, on a chequered pattern of fore wing a light spot in cell, situated basally of discal vein, is distinct. It is quadrangular, in some paratypes of different shape but invariably well expressed. In the allotype on hind wing upperside several plates situated closer to fore margin are orange coloured, in paratypes some parts of fore wing also have the same colour. Pattern of wing underside is of a latonigena type. Among specimens of the Ukok there are several aberrant females in which wing upperside is entirely or partly black and on wing underside with a black pattern developed in basal area. In total the type series embraces three males and seven females, with f.w.l. 16-20 mm. Besides, I enumerate similar butterflies from the collecctions of R. Yakovlev and V. Doroshkin, also from the Ukok Plateau. 5 females, 5 males - 14.07.1994, 1.07 and 5.07.1995, 25.06.1996, 10 and 15 km S of village Szhazator, 2200 m; 4 female and 35 males - 3.07.1997, mountain Mai-Tobe, 2600 m; 2 females and 18 males - 10-12.07.1997, middle flow of the Dzhumaly River, 2200 m." Meltaea sutschana graeseri P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "...Small (f.w.l. 18-20 mm) and very peculiar butterflies from the Sakhalin Island are described as Meltaea sutschana graeseri P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE. A male. F.w.l. 20 mm. The wing upperside ground colour is ochre-orange, more faded than in the typical butterfliws. Among the black marking a row of spots on the middle of the wings, these spots are isolated from each other and more lengthwise elongate than in sutchana. On the fore wing upperside there are only four (also lengthwise elongate) spots at the fore margin. The hind wing underside ground colour is white with a yellow tint; the ochre-orange bands are wide, occupying about a half of the wing area. The light space between the external and the internal bands does not exceeds the width of the former (about 3 mm). In this space the black spots are close to the internal band, while in sutchana they are closer to the external one. The antennae and their clubs are fulvous. The genitalia structure is as in M. sutchana. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 2.07.1994, the Sakhalin, the environs of the city Yuzhnosakhalinsk (A.M. Basarukin). The paratype: a male - 2.07.1994, the same locality. We include only two specimens from the Sakhalin into the type series, although a male of a similar appearance was found also in our collections from the Lower Amurland (the Komsomol'skii Reserve, Bichi, 23.06.1988), and two more such males - in the ISEA collection from the southern Transbaikalia (Sokhondinskii Reserve, the Agutsa River middle flow, 9.08.1987). These facts rise a supposition of a species rank of the taxon being described, that need further materials for corroboration." It should be added that the subspecies is named in the honour of Ludwig Karl Fridrich Graeser (1840-1913), a German lepidopterologist who studied butterflies on the Amur River in 1881- 1885. Melitaea fascelis singularia Korshunov, 1995 The name was proposed in Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) as follows: "...Yu. P. Korshunov (1977) described a peculiar female of M. fascelis from the surroundings of Lake Hubsugul in Mongolia. We suggest the name Melitaea trivia singularia Korshunov, sbsp.n. for such butterflies." There was an obvious error in the species name, which should be fascelis instead of trivia, as it is clear from the preceding words as well as from the species headline: "Melitaea fascelis (Esper, 1784) (= trivia Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775)" Translation of the cited description, which should be considered as the original description of the subspecies, is follwoing: "*Melitaea trivia Denis et Schiffermuller, 1775, ?sbsp.n. Hubs[ugul Aimak]: Lake Hubsugul, 26 VI (D. [V.Ch. Dorogostaiskii], 1 female. From the typical form differs by light and mottled pattern, somewhat elongate wings. Generally the habitus resemble that of M. t. ignasiti Sagarra, 1926. Probably, belong to a new subspecies. Female. The palpi are set with yellow hairs. The fore wing lengthis 18 mm. The wing upperside is pale-fulvous, mottled since black dots are small and well contrasted. On the hind wing underside the black strokes are narrow, do not contact completely to the fulvous band. The middle field is light- yellow, not differing in colour from the basal and outer parts. There are two rows of four irregular black spots (dots) going from the fore margin to the cell in the middle field. The genitalia are close to those in the typical form." Melitaea uvarovi P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "173. Melitaea uvarovi P. Gorbunov, sp.n. [Shashechnitsa Uvarova] The species is being stated by five males collected by S.V. Shutov in the valley of the Ural River, together with such spring steppen species as Zerynthhia polyxena, Triphysa phryne, Proterebia phygea [an error, should be "Proterebia afra" - Yu. P.], Thersamonia thersamon etc. From a close species M. fascelis, the closest population of which is known in 15 km NE of the place of collection of the new species (12 km S of the station Kuvandyk) it differs by a great number of external characters, and also early flight period (over-wintering in a phase of pupa is probable). It is not excluded that the taxon deing described will turn out to be conspecific to a Central Asian species M. robertsi Butler, having a certain similarity with it in appearance and life history. But now, taking into account the Ural populations to be so remote, we describe it in a species rank. MALE: F.w.l. 15.2-16.4 mm (15.4 mm in the holotype). The wings are somewhat narrower than in M. fascelis. The fore wing ground colourt is ochre-orange-red, noticeably darker than in a close Central Asian taxon M. robertsi catapelia Staudinger, 1886. The black spots on the wing upperside are smaller and more clear-cut than in M. fascelis. The black marginal band is about 1 mm wide. A row of black submarginal lunules goes along it on both wings, they may contact to the marginal band but do not form, together with it, an united marginal blackeinig, found in M. f. fascelis. There is a small white spot on the fore wing fore margin (3 mm off the apex). The basal blackeinig on the hind wing does not extend above the vein Cu1. The fore wing underside is ochre-orange with a whitish spot at the apex and rather small isolated black spots. The hind wing underside ground colour is white, without a yellowish tint peculiar to M. fascelis. The pattern is ain in M. fascelis but the black spots at the outer margin are narrower. The fringe is white, more clear and long than in M. fascelis, with black patches at the vein ends. In the genitalia structure the differences from M. fascelis (see Appendix) are rather weak. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 6.05.1982, the Orenburg Region, the village Donskoe, a valley steppefied meadow (S.V. Shutov). Paratypes: 4 males - 3-6.05.1982, the same locality. The species is dedicated to the memory of Uvarov, Boris Petrovich (1888-1920), a honoured member of the All-Union Entomologiocal Society, who studied the fauna of Lepidoptera of NW Kazakhstan from a young age." Clossiana chariclea tshuktsha Dubatolov Dubatolov et Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "In Chukotka and Kamchatka there is ssp. tshuktsha Dubatolov et Korshunov, sbsp. n. In general it resembles butleri by colouration but well differs by the male genitalia structure. In the new subspecies the outer area of hind wing underside is evenly red-brown, in males a yellow colour presents only in some specimens, between veins M2 and CuA outside of dark postdiscal spots. The fore apical processus of the valva is shortened, no longer than the lower one (in butleri this processus is very short and more stout). MATERIAL. Holotype - a male, 2?.07.1986, 100 km S of Pevek, E Chukotka, Ust'-Chaun (Dubatolov, ZInchenko). Paratypes - 12 males, 14 females, the same locality, 25.07-2.08.1986 (Dubatolov, Zinchenko). The fact that specimens of a new subspecies in general have the genitalia intermediate between chariclea and butleri gives a reason to consider butleri W. H. Edwards, 1883 as a subspecies of a circumpolar chariclea." Clossiana astarte ershovi Korshunov et P. Gorbunov, 1995 Original description: "...Butterflies from the Prilenskoe [near the Lena River] Plateau differ by relatively large size (f.w.l. is 22-24 mm in males, 23-26 mm in females) and the pattern of the hind wing underside. Clossiana astarte ershovi Korshunov et P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: A male. F.w.l. 22 mm. The wing upperside is fulvous with an intensive black pattern; the hind wing is substantially blackened in the basal half. The wing underside is mottled, a row of round black spots at the outer margin and their light rims are especially conspicuous. On the hind wing underside the outer half ground colour is reddish-brown; the discal band on the hind wing is more mottled than in other subspecies, it contain contrasted patches of whitish and brown colour. MATERIALS: The Holotype : a male - 19.06.1968, the settlement Khaptagai on the Lena River (Yu. Ammosov). Paratypes: 2 males - 23.06 and 11.071987, the settlement Khaptagai, the road to Tammu (Yu. Ammosov); 2 females - 20.07.1962, Yakutsk, the botanical garden (Alexandrova); a male - 7.06.1979, the same locality; a ma;e - 8.06.1985, the same locality (V. Dubatolov), a female - 23.06.1992, the same locality (P. Gorbunov). The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of Ershov, Nikolai Grigoryevich (1837-1896), one of the first real members of the Russian Entomological Society, the author of numerous works and the first catalogue of the Siberian [an error - must be Russian - Yu.K.] butterflies." Clossiana astarte suntara Dubatolov, 1998 Original description: "V. V. Dubatolov finds it necessary to isolate a subspecies the butterflies of which keep to rocky slopes and screes of the Suntar-Khayata mountain range. This is suntara, Dubatolov, sbsp. n. F. w. l.: 17-27 mm. The hind wing above the fulvous ground colour almost excluded with black scales, so that a par of large postdiscal spots remain surrounded with narrow or wide light rims. Dark rimming of medial band slightly darker than fore wing underside ground colour. MATERIALS. Holotype - a male, 07. 1985, E Yakutia, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, 180 km ENE of the highway Khandyga-Magadan (Dubatolov, Barkalov, Popova)." Clossiana matveevi P. Gorbunov et Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "MALE: 22.6-23.8 (in holotype 22.8 mm). The wing upperside is ochre-orange, more faded than in C. tritonia and C. erda and close to that in C. astarte. The black pattern in general corresponds to that in C. tritonia but is noriceably fine; a more narrw black margin without widening at the veins, as is characteristic for C. tritonia, is among significant differences. On the fore wing underside the pattern is the same as on the upperside, but the black spots are more narrow and two black parallel lines replace the margin. The hind wing underside ground colour varies from muddy-orange to muddy brick-red; the ground-ochre or greyish discoidal band is relatively narrow, 2.2-2.5 mm wide at the vein M1 (in other taxa of the tritonia- group it is not less wide than 2.5 mm), its both sides being bor dered with conspicuous black streaks, and locally it is much suffused by dark scales, which entirely hide it at the anal margin. The postdiscoidal area contains a row of seven well- expressed whitish spots. Outside of it there is a row of six black spots and then the area of ochre-red colour 2.0-2.5 mm wide. The black bracked-shaped submarginal spots are distally margined with white spots streched out across the veins; outside of them there is a double marginal line. In the male genitalia the caudal processus of the valva ends with a single large tooth, not with a row of small teeth as in C. astarte and C. tritonia, the costal processus is large, foot-shaped (for the figure see Appendix). MATERIALS: the holotype: a male, Altai, the Kurayskiy mountain range. the settlement Aktash, 2700 m above sea level, a dry scree, 8th July 1990 (E.A. [must be E.M. - O.K.] Matveev leg.). Paratypes: two males one female, the same locality 16th July 1992; 4 males - the Kuraiskiy mountain range, the Yarly-Ayry river headwaers, 3000 m altitude, 7-12th July 1992 (Yu. Prokofyev). The taxon is named by the surname of Evgenii Aleksandrovich [an error - must be EMvgenii Mikhailovich] Matveev, a Moscow naturalist, a butterfly lover, who first collected these butterflies. Although it is not excluded that a butterfly of this very species (identified by A.A. Meingard as C. amphilochus Menetries) was caught by V.V. Sapozhnikov on 6th June 1905 in the Tsagan-Kol River headwaters in Mongolia." Clossiana eunomia riamia Korshunov et Ivonin, 1998. Original description: "Peculiar turned out populations of the ryams [loc. raised peat-moss bogs within the forest-steppe zone] of the Novosibirsk Province. Imagines keep there to Eriophorum and Ledum, often resting on their leaves and pine needles, they are active both in sunny and overcast weather. the butterflies of ryams are large, f. w. l. not less than 18 mm, more frequently 20 mm. The brick-red individuals are rather melanized, the spots of black pattern enlarged, wing margins black-rimmed on which blueish spots are scarcely seen. On hind wing underside ocelli and light spots bright silvery-blueish-white, in many specimens of the same colour are the spots of marginal row on hind wing underside. Note that such butterflies were met with still by the expedition by N. F. Kashchenko on 8th June 1899 in a ryam at the station Ubinskaya where more than 30 specimens were captured. A. A. Meinhard (1905) in his "List VI" did not give them a special name bot noted a dark ground colour and large and fusing with each other black spots and bands on the upperside of all the wings and a very bright reddish-brown colour of the hind wing underside with conspicuous large spots with a strong silvery-nacreous glittering. Among 30 specimens two had "unusually dark colouration" and five more light, closer to the typical eunomia. The new subspecies is name riamia Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp. n.: MATERIALS: Holotype - a male, 17.06.1997, Kamennyi Ryam at v. Kuznetskoe of the Chulymskii District of Novosibirsk Province (V. Ivonin), allotype - a frmale, 17.06.1997, the same locality. Paratypes - two males, 17.06.1962, a ryam at v. Kaily of the former Mikhailovskii (now Ubinskii) District (Y. Korshunov), one female, seven males - 17.06.1997, Kamennyi Ryam, 26.06.1997, the same locality." Clossiana eunomia stromi Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "It turned out that in the mountains of S Siberia there occur two subspecies. For Altai, the Sayans, Tuva and adjacent parts of Mongolia a new subspecies stromi Korshunov, sbsp. n. is described (by the name of Semen Aronovich Strom (1906-1985), my main expedition teacher, a head of the youth geographical society "Sibir'" in Novosibirsk). As different from acidalia the butterflies of this subspecies lack the silvery-white colour on the wing underside. From the nominotypical one they differ by a smaller size (f.w.l. usually less than 20 mm), they have a finer black pattern, especially in males. Lastly, for stromi, characteristic is a presence of a large ochre-red spot (or also a small one near) at basal darkening of the hind wing upperside. On the hind wing underside the colour of rather small ocelli does not differ from that of all other light spots (light salad-coloured or slightly yellwish). These light spots are surrounded with ochre .... [the word was missing in the dersciption]. Material: Holotype - a male, 24.07.1975, W Sayan, Pazyryk-Ergak-Taiga mt. tange, 1st brook behind the pass [from which side remains unclear] (Y. Korshunov), allotype - a female, the same label. Paratypes - a male, 23.07.1948, Tuva, W Tannu-Ola (A. I. Cherepanov), a female. 9.07.1954, Altai, v. Abai, two males, 14.07.1959, Chuiskaya Step', the Yustyd River at v. Ak-Tal, two males and two females, 19.07.1963, by the village to Ust'-Ulagan (O. Ivanovskaya), a male, 6.07.1966, the Mezhtyyaryk River - a tributary of the Chuya, 1700 m (A. E. Standel), a male, 7.07.1966, Altai, mountain Sukor at CHagan-Uzun, 2600 m (A. E. Shtandel), a male, 70 km SE of Lake Dood-Nur, 2000 m, Mongolia (V. Solyanikov), a female, 21.07.1972, Tuva, lake Kara-Khol', a male, 5.07.1976, Altai, Seminskii Pass, two males, 16.07.1982, Altai, a male, 11.07.1983, Katunskii mt. range, stow Bertkhem, 15 km SW of Katanda (V. Dubatolov), a male and female, 13.07.1983, 15 km SW of Katanda, a pass between the Kuragan and Kucherla Rivers, Tukura, 2400 m (V. Dubatolov), a male and two females, 20-21.07.1983, Terektinskii mt. range, 10 km N of Katanda, highlands, 2500 m (V. Dubatolov), a male, 12.07.1987, Lake Teletskoe, mountain Kolyshtu (A. Barkalov), a male, 16.06.1987, Tuva, Todzha, Lake Azas (V. Zinchenko), two males, 25-29.06.1991, Sayano-Shushenskii Reservation, the Ak-Sug River headwaters and the Ala-Aya River middle flow (V. A. Vagin). Further in the mountains of Siberia, Yakutia and in the northern Far East there ranges te subspecies acidalia Bober, 1809 (=asiatica Staudinger, 1901) described from Pribaikalye, which differs from the nominotypical one by a smaller size, a black pattern closer to ossiana, as well as the underside with expressed silvery-white spots. AS to the northern subspecies ossiana Herbst, 1800 proper, it embraces small butterflies with the ocelli always differing in colour from the background (light or with a silvery tint) and extends at least to the latitudes of the Taimyr." Boloria altaica pustagi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995 Original description: "By the materials from Gornaya Shoria [elevation] the subspecies Boloria altaica pustagi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n. is being described, differing from altaica first of all by a darker (brick-red) ground colour. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 21 mm. The wing upperside is brick- red with the black pattern enlarged, as compared with the subspecies altaica. The black spots along the outer margin are not fused into a streak. On the hind wing underside the discal band is bright, well contrasted to the ground brick-red background; the black round spots in the postdiscal area are contrasted, some of them contain white nucleoli. In females the upperside is lighter, yellowish, the underside is bright, as in males. MATERIAL: The holotype: a male - 13.07.1992, Gornaya Shoria, the environs of the settlement Sheregesh, the mountain Pustag, 1000-1300 m (V. Ivonin). Paratypes: 7 males, 3 females - 13.07.1992, the same locality." Triphysa albovenosa sacha Korshunov, 1996 Original description: "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 18 mm. The wing upperside is blackish-grey with a steel flash, without any pattern, only the dot or ocelli of the underside are slightly seen through. The wing underside is as in T. albovenosa, but there are small dots or ocelli in the outer field, the second one of which on the hind wing even has a white pupil. There are three dots and one ocellus on the fore wing, the hind wing has five small black ocelli between the veins, the third from above being a dot. In some paratypes the dots are only on the hind wing, in two paratypes they are hardly noticeable at all. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 15 mm. The wing upperside is greyish-white, the underside pattern is seen through. On the wing underside there are very small black dots: four on the fore wing and five on the hind wing. The wing area between the outer field and the base is mottled due to grey spots of different size. In other females these grey spots fuse to each other, in one female the wing underside is as in the males, with the dots large, especially on the fore wing. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 7.06.1985, Yakutsk, the botanical garden (Dubatolov). The allotype: a female - 9.06.1985, the same locality. Paratypes: females and 2 males - 13.06.1968, Yakutsk, Chugur-Murun; a male and a female - 10.06.1974, Khaptagai, the Tamma River valley (Ammosov); a male - 1.06.1977, at the settlement Oktemtsy; 3 males 1 female - 28-31.05.1989, Yakutsk, the botanical garden (Dubatolov)' 10 males 10 females - 7-9.06.1985, the same locality; a male - 1.06.1985, 5 km of Yakutsk on the road to Magadan, a bogged rivulet valley (Dubatolov). So, the range of a new subspecies lies within Yakutia, noteworthy that the Suntar Khayata mountain range in E Yakutia is inhabited by different butterflies, close to the subspecies tscherskii Crum-Grshimailo, 1899. It has a somewhat darker ground colour on the wing underside, the light veins being more conspiculus as compared with other subspecies. This subspecies ranges widely in E. Siberia, it was also found in Transuralia and West Chukotka." Coenonympha amaryllis borisovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996. Original description: "...The largest and peculiar butterflies among amaryllis have been found in Pribaikalye, which are secribed as C. amaryllis borisovi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is ochre- yellow. There are two large and two small black dots on the fore wing and five large dots and a dark marginal rim on the hind wing. On the underside there are very large, contrasted ocelli with silvery pupils and a relatively wide silvery streak along the margins. The fringe is light. On the most part of the species the butterflies have the underside without any pattern, that on the underside is more dull, the ocelli are smaller than in borisovi. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 24.06.1988, Baikal, the village Listvyanka (Ivonin). Paratypes: 2 males - 30.06.1983, the same locality (Yu. Timoshenko), 3 males -24.06.1988, the same locality - 20.06.1991, the Verkhne-Angarskii mountain range, the environs of Severobaikal'sk (Ivonin). All the butterflies were collected on steppefied mountain slopes. The subspecies is named by the surname of a Decemberist Borisov, Petr Ivanovich (1800-1854), the author of first aquarel portraits of Lepidoptera of Baikal." Hyponephele cadusina gurkini Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "... A new subspecies Hyponephele cadusina gurkini Korshunov, sbsp. n. is described on the materials from Central Altai, differing from the nominotypical one by the following characters: on the fore wing upperside the yellow field is pale, the dot between the veins Cu1 and Cu2 is larger, the dark margin on the hind wing underside is wider, the wing underside is more evenly coloured, the dots at the anal angle are smaller. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is brown, the hind wing is evenly coloured, the fore wing has a wide ochre-yellow spot on the outer field. In the apical part of this spot there is a black ocellus with a light pupil and a twice as small black dot below it, between the veins Cu1 and Cu2. A black androconial brand is covered by brown scales along its fore and hind margins. The fore wing underside is ground- yellow with a relatively wide dark marginal band and a light- rimmed apical ocellus. The hind wing underside is grey with brown marble which does not form transversal bands, as is observed in cadusina. MATERIALS: the holtype - 1st July 1974, Central Altai, a steppefied bank slope of the Katun' River near its junction with the Chuya River, (Yu.P. Korshunov leg.). Paratypes: - 2 males, 1st July 1974, the same locality. The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of an Altai painter Gurkin, Grigorii Ivanovich 91869-1937)" Erebia euryale flaveoides Korshunov et Tatarinov, 1996. Original description: "...In the lowland taiga of the north-east of Europe the subspecies euryaloides Tengstrom, 1869 ranges (described within ligea), in which both sexes have white bands. A form arctica Poppius, 1906, also with a white band, is known from the Kanin Peninsula, later the taxon boreomontanum Sedykh, 1977 was described from the Sob' River headwaters, which is a synonym to arctica. The North< Subpolar and Polar Ural and the Bol'shezemel'skaya Tundra are inhabited by the butterflies of which the females have bright brownish-yellow band. These butterflies are described here as the subspecies flaveoides Korshunov et Tatarinov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 21 m. On the hind wing underside tere are two small brown spots on a brownish-yellow band: the upper at the incision in the band at the cell apex, the lower between the bein Cu branches. ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 20 mm. On the hind wing the band is reduced to a white spot, situated where a female would have an incision of the band, and some white scales above and below it. MATERIALS: The holotype: a female - 15.07.1995. The Subpolar Ural, the middle flow of the Malyi Patok River [(Tatarinov) - was omited Yu.K.]. The allotype: a male - 16.07[.1995], the same locality. Peretypes: 9 males 9 females - 15-17.07[.1995]. Only one point on the Polar Ural is known, the station Krasnyi Kamen', where butterflies of both types [with white and brownish-yellow band in females] occur together, but this is at a railway, which was a channel of penetration there the butterflies from euryaloides populations." Erebia kosterini P.Gorbunov, Korshunov, Dubatolov, 1995. Original description: "253. Erebia kosterini P.Gorbunov, Korshunov, Dubatolov, sp. n. [Chernushka Kosterina]. TYPE LOCALITY: The Khindzha River on the Koni Peninsula (the Magadan Region) BIOTOPES: valley meadow plots between the thickets of the bush alder and the dwarf pine. FLIGHT PERIOD OF IMAGINES: observed in the second half of July. HOLOTYPE: a male: F.w.l.: 21.5 mm. The wing upperside is brown with a wide (3-4 mm) ochre-fulvous band in the postdiscal area, which contains: a black dot at the apex between the veins R5 and M1, a double black spot between M1 and M3, the next [from the apex] intervein plate contains a dot, the next one contains a round black spot. No adroconial brand is seen. On the hind wing upperside there are four round black spots on an ochre- fulvous band going from the fore margin to the vein Cu2. The third spot (counting from the fore margin) is noticeably shifted outside. The underside is analogously coloured, but the ground colour is darker to some extent, the band on the fore wing is ochre-yellow, while the black dot at the apex is absent; on the hind wing the spots are smaller and reside not on the band but in narrow ochre rings, inside of which there is a white band split into fragments. The fringe is chequered. In the genital apparatus the valva is narrow (the ratio of its maximal width to the length being 1:5), slightly and gradually tapering to the apex; a half of its dorsal edge bears teeth of various size (see Appendix). In a similar species E. ligea the valva is sharply (two- or three-fold) narrowed at the apex forming a finger-like projection. A structure of the male genitalia similar with that of E. kosterini is found in an American species E. vilderi Elwes, 1898 [an error in the original description, must be vidleri - Yu. K], well differing by the absence of postdiscal black ocelli on the hind wings. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wings are noticeably narrower than in the holotype. The colouration and pattern are similar to those of the holotype, differing in the following: on the fore wing upperside the black dot at the apex is absent, on the hind wing upperside the black spots are smaller and there is only three of them (that colsest to the fore margin is wanting); the double spot on the fore wing upperside, the same double spot and the spot between Cu1 and Cu2 [on the fore wing underside - these words were accidentally dropped in the printed version - Yu. K.] , and three of the four spots on the hind wing underside have white nuclei. On the hind wing underside the white stripe inside of the row of ocelli is brighter and more clear-cut than in the holotype. MATERIALS: Holotype: a male - 20.07.1989, the Magadan Region, the Koni Peninsula, the lower reaches of the Khindzha River, a herbaceous meadow on the lower terrace (O.E.Kosterin). Allotype: a female - 20-24.07.1989, the same locality. Paratypes: 2 males 2 females - 20.07.1989, the same locality and date. The species is named by the surname of Oleg Engel'sovich Kosterin, a participant on numerous expeditions in Siberia and the Far East, who collected the type series of butterflies of the species." Note: a more detalied description of the habitat of these butterflies (referred to as Erebia (ligea (Linnaeus, 1758)) group) on the Koni Peninsula can be found in (Kosterin, 1993). After the first description the butterflies of this species were collected also at the Magadan City and the settlement Karamken in the Magadan Region (Korshunov, 1996). Later, it turned out that this name is a junior synonym of Erebia ajanensis Menetires: see (Dubatolov et al., 1999) Erebia rossi subarctica Korshunov, 1996. Original description: "...The butterflies from the zonal tundras and forest-tundras of N Asia and from mountains of Yakutia and Chukotka are different. They differ first of all by the absence of a reddish-castane- brown colour on the fore wing underside in a majority of specimens. Only some females have a brand of this colour and few males have groups of such scales at the ocelli. We describe them as Erebia rossi subarctica Korshunov, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 24 mm. The wing upperside is brown, there is a double fulvous spots at the fore wing apex, containing two black dots, and a a hardly noticeable fulvous spot without a dot at the Cu veins. The hind wing upperside has no dots. On the fore wing underside there is a double fulvous spot with two black dots centered with white ocelli, a tiny fulvous speck and a small fulvous spot, with a white-centered black dot, between the branches of the vein Cu. On the hind wing undeside there is an obscure band, with a white dot on its marhin at the cell apex, and a somewhat ligher band in the outer field. There is a "flash" of reddish scales at the spots, noticeable only if to place the butterfly at different angles to the light. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 25 mm. The wing upperside is as in males, but the small spot at the Cu is missing. The fore wing upperside has only two black dots with white pupils in a common fulvous round spot at the apex. The hind wing underside has the same bands as the male, the outer margin of the outer one bearing two very small white spots. Among the paratypes about a half of specimens has 2-3 spots in addition to the double apical one on the fore wing and 2-4 Spots on the hind wing. On the hind wing underside there may be fore white dots. The imagines from the Maymecha River basin and from a more northern Novaya River, on the Putorana Plateau, are peculiar: they are smaller, f.w.l. being 19-21 mm, and have only the apical spots (the only female of 8 specimens has spots also on the hind wing upperside), this population deserves further studies. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 15.07.1968, the left bank of the Tanlovaya River, a tributary of the Schuchya River, S yamal (Korshunov). The allotype: a female - 14.07.1968, a tundra between the Tarseda River and the Schuchya River left bank, S Yamal, Korshunov). Paratypes: 10 males 7 females - 14- 30.07.1968, the Schuchya River basin (Yu. Korshunov); 2 males - 28-29.06.1969, the Omolon River valley (N. Gomoyunova); 2 males - 8.07.1976, the Yenisei River lower reaches, Chopko (Chernenko); 2 males - 07.1981, Taymyr, Ary-Mas, Novaya (R. Polovinkina); 1 male 5 females - 28.07-8.08.1982, Putoran, Maymecha (I.S. Zakharzhevsky); 1 male - 22.06.1984, the Sutar- Khayata mountain range (L. Popova); 14 males 1 female - 19.06- 14.07.1985, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the Khandyga River headwaters (V. Dubatolov); 1 male - 18.06.1989, Yakutia, the Kele River headwaters, a Carex/Eriophorum tussocks (L. Popova); 2 males - 12-17.07.1993, the Chita Region,, 35 km SSE of Chara, Naminga (A. Streltsov)." Erebia mackinleyensis ola Korshunov, 1995 Original description: "... Specimens from the Magadan Region are characterized by a complete vanishing of castane-coloured spots on the wing upperside in males and their reduction in females. Below we describe them as a new subspecies. The shape of the valva in the male genitalia in sachaensis and ola is very variable, that is illustrated by the drawings of the genitalia of the holotypes (see Appendix). In general, the genitalia of these taxa have no significant differences between each other, as well as from E. semo and E. erynnin. Erebia mackinleyensis ola Korshunov, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 25 mm. The wing upperside is evenly soot-coloured. The underside is of the same colour but on the fore wing, at the cell, there are groups of reddish scales forming a hardly detectable sinking spot. The light scales are scattered over the hind wing underside where no bands are seen. In the genitalia the valva has a rounded apex. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The wing upperside is black with a brown tint. On the fore wing, at the cell, there are reddish elongate strokes between the veins. On the fore wing underside the corresponding reddish spots are bordered with dark scales. The hind wing underside is not only mottled, as in males, but have also distinct traces of the postdiscal band, the margin of which is most clearly seen in the middle part of the outer field. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male -7.07.1991, the Magadan Region, the headwaters of the Ola River, the surroundings of the mountain Nukh (1828 m) (V.V.Palekha leg.); the allotype: a female - 7.07.1991, the same locality; paratypes: a male - 07.1991, the same locality; 2 males 1 female - 13.07.1993, the same locality; a male - 6.07.1964, the Omsukchanskiy mountain range, at the setlement Golimyy, 6th July 1964 (A.V.Tsvetaev)." The attribution of this taxon to E. mackinleyensis as a subcpecies, made by P. Gorbunov in a published version of the book (Korshunov, Gorbunov, 1995), is erroneous. I consider it to be a bona species due to the complex of characters concerning the general appearance, pattern, the details of the genitalia structure (Korshunov, 1996). New species has a certain similarity to E. erynnin Staudinger, 1894, but this species of the E Sayan lacks androconia resembling those of E. ola, their genitalia structure have substantial differences, in particular, the end of the valva is twice as thick in E. ola, in general the valva is thicker and resembles that in E. mackinleyensis. A well developed spots in males and, to some extent, in females is another trait differing E. erynnin from E. ola. Later Y. P. Korshunov (1996) rasied the status of the taxon ola to a species and suggester the following improvement: "HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 25 mm. The wing upperside is evenly soot-coloured. The underside is of the same colour but on the fore wing, at the cell, there are groups of reddish scales forming a hardly detectable sinking spot. On the hind wing underside some scales are lighter than the neighbouring ones where no bands are seen. In the genitalia the valva has a rounded apex." Erebia occulta sokhondinca Dubatolov et Zinchenko, 1995 Original description: "Butterflies from the Chita Region, described below, are much larger than E. o. occulta (f.w.l. being 19-21 mm) and significantly larger than E. o. jakuta (f.w.l. 20-24 mm). They well differ from both known subspecies by more developed fulvous marking on the wings, often forming a contiguous band on the fore wing. There is also a signofocant difference in the length of the dentate part of the valva. Its ratio to the total length of the valva in E. o. jacuta is 52-67% (with the mean 59,5%), the samlpe size being 24, in new subspecies it is 56-67,4 (with the mean 64%), the sample size being 20. The butterflies from the East Sayan and Pribaikalye are close to the subspecies being described. Erebia occulta sokhondinca Dubatolov et Zinchenko, ssp.n. Male: F.w.l. is 23 mm in the hlotype, 23-26 mm in paratypes. The wing upperside is dark-brown, the fore wing bears 4 large pale-fulvous spots along the outer margin, usually fused into a band. They are centered with black dots elondate lengthwise with respect to the wing. The hind wing has 3-4 round spots at the outer margin, often centered with black dots. The pattern of the fore wing underside is the same as on the upperside, but the fulvous spots are always fused into a bright band. This band can extend in direction of the wing base. The hind wing underside as in E. o. jakuta. Female: F.w.l. 23.5-26 mm. The pattern is as in males, but the black dots are larger, up to 2 mm in diameter. MATERIALS: The holotype - a male, 23.VI 1991, the Chita Region, the Sokhondinskii nature reserve, the Verkhnii Bukukun River (Dubatolov). Paratypes: 35 males 9 females, the same locality and the mountain Tsagan-Ula, 19.VI - 6.VII 1991 (Dubatolov, Zinchenko and others)." Erebia dabanensis olshvangi P. Gorbunov, 1995 Orininal description: "..... The below described butterflies from the Polar Ural differ from other subspecies by a darker brown-black ground colour and the most substantial redction of brown postdiscal spots.... Erebia dabanensis olshvangi P.Gorbunov, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 20 mm. Both sides of the fore wing are dark-brown with four separate, diffuse on the underside, fulvous-brown spots centered with small black dots; both sides of the hind wing have three such spots; on the hind wing underside the postdiscal area is to some extent lightened due to greyish scales; the genitalia are analagous to those of other subspecies. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside is brown, the underside - greyish-brown; on the hind wing underside a light-grey postdiscal band is clearly expressed; the fulvous- brown pattern is similar with that of the holotype. Generally the new subspecies is very variable. The length of the fore wing ranges between 17 and 22 mm. In males the fulvous spots on the upperside of both wings in 5-10 % of individuals are absent. On the fore wing underside they, however, never disappear entirely, on the contrary, in some specimens (15-20 % of cases) they are fused into a common band, but its width, as different from E. dabanensis troubridgei, as a rule does not exceed 2 mm. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 20.07.1992, Polar Ural, the railway station Krasnyy Kamen', the mountain Slantsevaya, 300- 400 m above sea level, a montane lichen-fruticulose tundra (P.Yu.Gorbunov leg.) The allotype - 10.07.1998, the same locality (V.N.Olshvang leg.) Paratypes: 7 males 4 females - 10- 12.07.1998, the same locality; a male - 5.07.1990 - the same locality; 4 males 3 females - 18-28.07.1992, the same locality. The subspecies is named by the surname of Vladimir Nikolaevich Olshvang, a researcher at IEPA UrD RAS [Institute of Ecology of Plants and Animals of Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences] , an entomologist who for a long time investigated Polar Ural and collected a part of the type series." Erebia theano tshugunovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995. Original description: "...Below we describe two subspecies from the Salairskii Kryazh elevation and the Kuznetskii Alatau Mts. The former is characterized by a brownish colour of spots on the wing upperside. The butterflies from the Kuznetskii Alatau, West Sayan and Tuva are characterized by a general reduction of ochre-brown spots not forming contiguous bands. Erebia theano tshugunovi Korshunov et Ivonin, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 18 mm. The wing upperside is dark- brown; the postdiscal spots and the spot in the cell are brick- red.The underside is the same as the upperside, but with a greyish tint, which is more distinct along the wing margin; the fulvous postdiscal spots on the hind wing consist of four hardly noticeable dashes. The fringe is white with dark markings. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 20 mm. The wing upperside as in the male. The grey tint on the underside, especially on the hind wing, is much more pronounced. The yellowish postdiscal spots on the hind wing underside are smaller than on the fore wing (where they are fulvous) and smaller than in the male; the basal spots on the hind wing are small and hardly noticeable, as in the male. MATERIALS: the holotype: - 21.06.1994, the Novosibirsk Region, the Kiternya river valley, a damp meadow (V.V. Ivonin); the allotype: a female - 20.06.1994, the Novosibirsk region, the Bol'shoy Elbash river valley, a damp meadow (V.V. Ivonin). The paratypes: 11 males 8 females - 20.06.1994, the same locality; 5 males - 21.06.1994, the same locality, a female - 24.06.1994, the same locality; 5 males - 21.06.1994, the Novosibirsk Region, the village Novoselovo [this is a mistake - should be Novososedovo, Yu.K.], a forest opening (V.V. Ionin); 1 male - 24.06.1949 - the Novokuznetsk city surroundings, the village Torgay (A.E. Shtandel); 2 males - the Tomsk region, the village Nizhnie Sokoly, a bogged meadow (G.S. Zolotarenko) The subspecies is named in the honour of Sergey Mikhaylovich Chugunov, a doctor of medicine at the Tomsk University, who in 1859-1920 comipled several annotated lists of Lepidoptera for various regions of Siberia." Erebia theano shoria Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995 Original description: "Erebia theano shoria Korshunov et Ivonin, ssp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 19 mm. The wing upperside is brown with the postdiscal bands composed of ochre-yellow spots and a hardly noticeable spot in the cell. On the wing underside all the spots are bright and large, including that in the cell of the fore wing and the basal spots on the hind wing; the grey suffusion is well expressed in the basal area. The fringe is greyish, chequered. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 19 mm. The wing upperside as in the male, the spot in the cell is well expressed; on the wing underside all the spots are bright and large; on the hind wing the basal spots and grey suffusion are well expressed. The specimens of the type series vary in the size of the lighter spots, especially of the basal spots of the hid wing underside. The fringe is brownish in some males. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 5.07.1969, the Tuzukhsu river valley in the Tom' river headwaters 1969 (Yu.P. Korshunov). Allotype: a female - 13.07.1992, the Gornaya Shoria mountain area, the Sheregesh settlement environs, the mountain Pustag, 1300 m [above sea level] (V.V. Ivonin). The paratypes: 21 males - 5.07.1969, Gornaya Shoria, the Tuzukhsu valley; 13 males 9 females - 28.07.1969, the same locality; 86 males 28 females - t24.06-27.07.1969, the Askiz River basin, Birikchul' (Yu.P. Korshunov); 23 males - 17 and 24.07.1969, Khakassia, the Baza river headwaters, (Yu.P. Korshunov); 4 males 2 females - 13.07.1992, the Sheregesh settlement, the mountain Pustag (V.V.Ivonin)" Erebia fletcheri chorymensis Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "...Below Erebia fletcheri chorymensis Korshunov, sbsp. n. is described from the Kuznetskii Alatau Mts. HOLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 22 mm. Both wing sides are brown; the fore wing has a wide fulvous-brown band, slightly tapering to the anal angle, with four oval black spots about 1 mm long; On the hind wing three [the words "of four" was erroneously omited here - Yu.K.] fulvous spots contain black dots, as well as an additional fifth small spot in front of the anal vein. ALLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 22 mm. The postdiscal band on the fore wing upperside is darker and bears smaller black dots. The paratypes have four of five fulvous spots on the hind wing, of which one (in one specimen), three, four, or five being centred with black dots. In the nominotypical subspecies (the holotype being a female) the black spots on the fore wing are round and almost twice as large, the second from the bottom being almost thrice as large. Besides, in the butterflies from Altai there is a tiny black spot at the apex which is not situated in the same row with others, which is absent in all specimens from the Kuznetskiy Alatau. The hind wing in the nominotypical subspecies has four roundish reddish-fulvous spots, the two of which at the anal angle being centered with black dots. MATERIALS: the holotype: a female - 12.07.1975, the Kuznetskiy Alatau, the environs of the mountain Bobrovaya (Yu.Korshunov); the allotype: a male - the same locality and date; paratypes: 5 males 1 female - 9.07.1975, the same locality; 4 males 2 females - 12.07.1975, the same locality; 4 males - 7.07.1975, the Kuznetskii Alatau, the Sarala river valley; 4 males - 25- 26.06.1978, the same locality. The name is derived from the Khakas word "khorym" - a stone scree." Satyrus ferula medvedevi Korshunov, 1996. Original description: "...The butterflies from Tuva, differing by bright and motled pattern of the hind wing underside, with a contrasted band, are dsacribed as Satyrus ferula medvedevi Korshunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 27 mm. On the fore wing underside the ocellus with a white pupil is almost four-fold larger than the lower one (in altaica the ocelli are smaller and almost of the same size). On the marbled hind wing underside the band is rimmed with waving black lines, the line of the same brightness and outline is conspicuous at the outer margin. ALLOTYPE: A female. F.w.l. 26 mm. On the fore wing the large black ocelli with white pupils are equal in size on both sides. The hind wing underside ground colour is lighter than in males, it is brownish-grey, with white scales along the outer margin of the band and just at the wing margin. There are two black dots at the anal angle, that about 2 mm in diameter and a much smaller one. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 19.07.1972, Tuva, Moren. The allotype: a female - 23.07.1988, Tuva, the Kyzyl environs (V. Zinchenko). Paratypes: 4 males - 18-30.07.1960, 40 km west of [the village] Samagaltai, the surroundings of [the village] Khol'-Ezhu, a grass/absinth and other type steppes; 2 males - 10.07.1961, Turan, Angol (A. Gukasyan); a male - 19.07.1972, Moren; 2 males 6 females, 10-23.07.1990, 35 km NWW of Samagaltai, the Shivilig-Khem basin (O. Kosterin). The males are much more close to each other in appearance than the females, among which there are individuals much darker above but, on the contrary, lighter beneath than in the allotype. The subspecies is dedicated to the memory of my teacher Sergei Ivanovish Medvedev (1899-1979), who worked in Siberia when was young. ... Unfortunately, the comparative materials of a Chinese subspecies liuplunschani O. Bang-Haas, 1993 is not available for me." Oeneis anna dzhulukuli Korshunov, 1998. Original description: "Elwes in the Altaian work of 1899 on Table 13 depicted three butterflies as nanna. Of them two (fig. 4, a male, and fig. 8, a female) to our opinion, just belong to the species anna. We have accumulated materials factually from the same places where Elwes collected which allow to describe a new subspecies dzhulukuli Korshunov, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE. A male. FWL 24 mm. Wing upperside brownish with an admixture of ochre- and dark scales, that in general gives a pale-darkish background. There are dark dots on outer area: on fore wing at apex a dot has a white pupil, other dots below blind, in total four dots on fore wing, five blind dots on hind wing. Androconial brands absent, no tufted scales found on wing. Fringes chequered. Fore wing underside with a light-brown background and four dots, as on upperside. On hind wing [upperside] there are many light scales, veins white, among dots the upper one reduced so that only four dots conspicuous. All the dots on both fore and hind wing [underside] with white pupils. The genital apparatus is on the figure. In general it is of the nanna type, differing by a somewhat different general configuration and especially by valva outline. ALLOTYPE. A female. FWL 24 mm. Wing upperside brownish, as in male, on hind wing there is a darkening from base to outer field, black dots as in male. And wing underside is similar MATERIALS [in ISEA (Novosibirsk, Russia)]: Holotype - a male, 16.07.1982, Taboshak Mt., Kuraiskii Mt. Range (Perunov, Y. E.). Allotype - a female, 31.07.1996, Dzhulukul’ Hollow, Bagayash, a damp floodland meadow, 2400 m (Bondarenko, A. V.). Paratypes - a female, 15.07.1978, Mukhor-Tarkhata env., stow Argamzhi (A. Grazhdankin), a female, 16.07.1982, Taboshak Mt. (Perunov, Y. E.) a female, 07.1982, Kuyakhtanar River - a Chuya River tributary between Kurai and Kosh-Agach (exactly the place where Elwes collected!) (Mertvetsv, D.), a female, 30.07.1985, v. Kalguty, a Poa/herbaceous association (Malkov, Y. P.), a female and 2 males, 29-30.07.1996, Dhulukul' Hollow, Bagayash, a lichen/dwarf-birch tundra (Bondarenko, A.V.)." Oeneis jakutski Korshunov 1998. Original description: "HOPLOTYPE - a male. F.w.l. 22 mm. Wing upperside darkened from bases to outer area, brownish, outer area lighter, ochre-brown, with three small dots between veins on fore wing and four on hind wing. Androconial scales noticeably grouped on fore wing at cell at spring of veins M2 and M3, while in nanna androconial scales spread along cell. Besides, vein R5 in jakutski does not differ from others in thickness. The veins are practically not swallen also in the paratypes. Fore wing underside greyish- brown, cell with specks, its upper one third lighter, there is a brwn spot near discal vein. Ocelli between veins (there are three of them) with white pupils, slightly elongate, especially the upper one. Lighter scales form somewhat like a halo around each ocellus. Apex marbled. There are white streaks just between veins along wing margin (there are white dots in nanna). On hind wing scales of medial band fuse with similar one at wing base and on this continuous field only three small light spots are noticeable just at fore margin. Band margin has no acute projections (as different from nanna!), it is rimmed with whitish scales which alternate with brown ones to form a marbled outer margin with four ocelli, from which three are ocellate. Wing margin with small white streaks also but they are on a background of other light scales. In the genitalia the differences from nanna concern in the outline of the uncus, in longer subunci, in the outline of the valca which has a peculiar projection on apex (see the figure). ALLOTYPE - a female. F.w.l. 30 mm. Upperside of wings ochre-brown, their outers areas lighter than other parts and bear an ocellus with pupil at apex and two tiny dark spot below it at veins R5 and M3. A dark-brown spot on discal vein is noticeable. Cell not darkened. Hind wing with four black spots on outer margin bordered outside with a seen through band. Wing underside marbled as specked with light and brownish scales, especially on hind wing where very small ocelli with pupils are hardly seen among the scales. On hind wing an ocellus with a pupil is conspicuous accompanied with a white dot. Fringe chequered. The paratypes, although variable individualy, have a smooth outline of the band margin. A presence of a triangular androconial field on the male fore wing differ them from other species of the nanna-group. MATERIAL - Holotype - a male. 9.06.1985, Yakutsk, botanical garden, a steppefied bank slope of the Lena River, V. Dubatolov. ALlotype - a female, 16.06.1968, Yakutsk, Chuchur-Muran. Paratypes: a male and female, 20.07.1962, Yakutsk, botanical garden, Alexandrova, a male and female - 16.06.1968, Chuchur-Muran, a male - 19.06.1973, the Lena River valey, settlement Khaptagai, Yu. Ammosov, four males - 10, 14, 15, 25.06.1974 - settlement Khaptagai, the Tamma River valley, Yu. Ammosov, three males and a female - 1, 10, 17.06.1977 - 50 km S Yakutsk, village Oktemtsy, Yu. Ammosov, a male - 9.06.1985, Yakutsk, botanical garden, V. V. Dubatolov". Oeneis sculda vadimi Korshunov, 1995 Original description: "... Large and dark butterflies from N Pribaikalye are described as Oeneis sculda vadimi Korshunov, sbsp.n, which, most probably, ranges also in the northern E Siberia. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 23 mm. The wing upperside is bright pale-brown, the apex and the outer margin of the fore wing are darkened, between the transversal vein and the apex there is an ocellus with a pupil. The hind wing in the submarginal area contains three black dots between the veins. The wing underside is mottled due to a marble pattern, the light veins are distinct, especially on the hind wing. The postdiscal area of the fore wing contains three, that of the hind wing - four ocelli with white pupils. The discal band on the hind wing is dark-brown, with a conspicuous rounded prominence behind the cell. the fringe is chequered. In genitalia the shape of the uncus and the valva processes and the structure of the aedeagus are somewhat different from those in Oe. sculda sculda (see Appendix). ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The wing upperside is brown, lighter than in the male; the fore wing has an ocellus at the apex and another one at the anal angle; all the ocelli are centered with white pupils; the wing underside resemble that of the male as being equally bright; other characters are also the same. In some paratypes the fore wings bear more ocelli, there are females with the appearance indistinguishable from the described male from above. MATERIALS: the holtype: a male - 16.06.1988, the Verkhneangarskiy mountain range, the surroundings of the town Severobaikal'sk (V.V. Ivonin); the allotype: a female - 16.06.1988 - the same locality; paratypes - two females - 16 and 19.06.1988, the same locality. The subspecies is named by the name of Vadim Vasilievich Ivonin who participated on numerous expeditions in Siberia and the Far East and collected the type series." Oeneis elwesi ulugchemi Korshunov, 1995. Original description: "...According to observations in the Tuvinian Hollow (V. Dubatolov, V. Zinchenko), the imagines keep to the stones, hiding in their shade in a hot weather; they did not visit flowers. ...The butterflies from the Tuvinian [intermontane] Hollow and surrounding mountains differ by external characters and also by habits. They are described as Oeneis elwesi ulugchemi Korshunov, ssp. n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 23 mm. The wing upperside is brownish- grey (darker than in ssp. tannuola), the outer margin of the fore wing has light patches between the veins; the sex brand is bright and occupies a part of the cell and some area ouside it, there is a black oval spot at the fore wing apex. On the hind wing a light postdiscal area, an oval black spot at the anal angle, and a black dot above it are distinct. The fore wing underside is ash-grey with a black oval spot at the apex; the hind wing underside has a marble patern and a figured black discal band (its shape differing from other subspecies) which is fused with a dark scale suffusion at the wing base. The fringe is white (in O. elwesi - chequered). The genital apparatus (see Appendix) has a relatively long uncus and very uneven teeth on the swallen end of the valva; in elwesi the valva apex has no knobs and swellings, while the teeth are of relatively close size. There is also a difference in the aedeagus structure. All these details show that the rank of the taxon can be higher than a subspecific. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 24 mm. The internal half of the fore wing upperside is brown, the external is sand-coloured with a dark marginal rim; the postdiscal area contains three large oval black spots; on the hind wing this area contains two black spots (in other female paratypes they are reduced to dots or missing at all). On the fore wing underside the black oval spots present; the hind wing underside has a marble pattern, the area between the band and margin being more heavily suffused with dark scales than in the male. The males other than holotype have 2-3 black spots on the fore wing upperside (the upper is always larger) and always one apical spot on the fore wing underside (sometmes black dots can be seen beneath it). In some males the wings are rather dark, but light areas are always retained, which sometimes contain orange or even red-brown scales. The butterflies of the type series are very variable in size (there are three among 29 females and ten among 110 males which are 1.5-2 times as small as the holotype or allotype, respectively!). MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 10.05.1988, Tuva, the surroundings of the Kyzyl city, the mountains at the Ulug-Khem River right bank in the vicinity of the mouth of the Kaa-Khem River (V. Zinchenko). The allotype: a female - 13.05.1989, the same locality. Paratypes: 8 females - 13.05.1988, the same locality; 1 male 1 female - 20.05.1989, the same locality; 94 males 26 females - 7-20.05.1990, the same locality (V. Zinchenko, V. Dubatolov); a female - 10.05.1990, Tuva, the Ulug- Khem district, 10 km east of the town Shagonar (V. Zinchenko)" Oeneis magna pupavkini Korshunov, 1995 Original description: "...In the Enisei River lower reaches and on the Polar Ural butterflies occur with more clear-cut band on the wing upperside, usually containing black spots, which are described as Oeneis magna pupavkini Korshunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l.: 26 mm. The fore wing upperside is brown with a dark outer margin and a dark apex (that, as a rule, is not met with in other subspecies), there are a black dot at the apex and, below it, two smaller dots on fulvous spots; on the hind wing [upperside] the fulvous band occupies its outer part almost entirely, it contains two black dots at the anal angle. The fringe is chequered, black-and-white. There are light scales on the fore wing underside which hide the dark marginal rim, yellow spots and black dots; the hind wing underside has a marble pattern, the light scales concentrating at the outer margin of the discal band and at the wing base above the cell. Other males have the same black dots or lack them, while one of them has large black spots, as in a female, which it was considered to be at the first glance. ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l.: 27 mm. The wing upperside is brighter than in the male, the fulvous spots, containing black dots, on the fore wing are fused into a band. The black spots are large and centered with white pupils on both wing sides; the fore wing apex has a marble pattern underside; the hind wing underside is brighter than in the male. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 19.07.1978, the Putorana Plateau, the middle reaches of the Rybnaya river (D.I.Pupavkin). The allotype: a female - 12.07.1978, the same locality, a larch taiga. Paratypes: 1 male 1 female - 7-12.07.1978, the same locality, forest-tundra; 12 males 2 females - 15-27.07.1978, the same locality; a female - 1.08.1973, the Polar Ural, [the railway station] Kharp (V.N. Olshvang); 1 male 4 females - 4- 10.07.1994, the same locality (P. Gorbunov). The subspecies is named and dedicated to the memory of Dmitriy Maksomovich Pupavkin, a forest entomologist and an explorer of SIberia in 70s-80s years. " Oeneis aktashi ona Korshunov, 1996. Original description: "...The butterflies from the W Sayan are different by a greater developmemnt of pale-ochre coloured spots in the wing submarginal area, an often presence of dot ocelli, by brighter coloured females. Below we give a description of Oeneis aktashi ona Korshunov, sbsp.n. HOLOTYPE: a male. F.w.l. 24 mm. The wing upperside is brownish with pale-ochre brands along the outer margin, especially on the hind wing. There is a dark dot at the fore wing apex. The fore wing underside is evenly brown being lighter than the hind wing, which has a marble pattern and is darker in the area from the base to the cell apex, a band is noticeable with more or less rounded margin (which is, by the way, angular in O. sarala). ALLOTYPE: a female. F.w.l. 23 mm. The upperside of wings is brown, their outer parts are ochre-brown owing to ochre-coloured scales forming a distinct field on the fore wing with two dark dots on it. The hind wing upperside is mottled due to alteration of dark, brown and ochre scales. On the wing underside the same alteration makes a marble pattern, especially on the hind wing. Only one dark dot is seen on the fore wing apex. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 28.07.1975. The Ona River headwaters, the Sayan Pass, the Saylyg-Khem-Taiga mountain range, a detritous ridge with Dryas, Betula nana rotundifolia, snow patches (Yu. P. Korshunov). The allotype: a female - 25.07.1975, the same locality. Paratypes: 15 males 9 females, 25-28.07.1975, the same locality; 1 male - 23.07.1993, the mountain Mungun-Taiga, barren summits (D.V. Logunov). In the paratypes the dark dot on the fore wing is seen in 4 specimens of 15. In almost a half of the paratypes the ochre spots are so much developed that the brown ground colour retains in the wing outer part as a narrow marginal band. In some females the mottleness is weakened, especially above, in some of them only one or no dark dot at the apex is seen. In some females the marble pattern beneath is paler. The specimen of 1993 is peculiar - it is almost twice as small and the outer fielw on the hind wing underside is much lightened." Oeneis chione tshukota Korshunov 1998. Original description: "HOLOTYPE: A male - F.w.l. 23 mm. Upperside light-brown, on fore wing below cell a black androconial stroke is well seen. On wing outer area there is a black spot at apex and between veins Cu and M. On hind wing there is a black spot between cubital veins. Dots have white pupils both above and beneath. Fore wing underside light-brown with a marbled apex, hind wing with a band somewhat resembling that in dzhugdzhurim surrounded with light scales which cover the most part of cell. Male genital apparatus see on Fig. It is of a polyxenes type, differs by a peculiar structure of the uncus and valva. ALLOTYPE. Female - F.w.l. 26 mm. Wing underside light-brown, sandy, on fore wing there are four black dots, one of which being tiny and the upper one with a white pupil; on hind wing above two large black dots in anal angle and a small one above. On hind wing underside dots as if darkened with brown scales, band wider than in male, cell bears more brown scales than light ones. Fringe chequered in males and females. MATERIAL. Holotype - a male, 24.06.1967, 20 km of Markovo upstream the Anadyr' River (A. Mirzaeva). Allotype - a female, 27.06.1967, 5 km W of Markovo a meadow at a birch grove. Paratypes - two males - 26.06 and 10.07.1967, the same locality as the holotype, Poaceae/Cyperaceae community. Seven males and seven females, 24, 26, 27.06.1967, the same locality as the allotype (V. Skutov). COMMENT. The butterflies to some extent resemble the western norna, differing in the pattern, fringe, detail of the genital apparatus. As a matter of fact, there is no full similarity between the specimens of tshukota. Among the paratypes the male has only a dot on either wing and a band intermediate between the holotype and allotype; in females there is a difference in black dots: from one to two on fore wing to four on the left wing and three on the right wing. The bands are more or less similar but the suffusion is of different proportion] of light and brown scales." Lycaena phlaeas ganalica P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: " ...Peculiar butterflies from Kamchatka are described as Lycaena phlaeas ganalica P.Gorbunov, sbsp. n. MALE: F.w.l. is 13.8 mm in the holotype, 14.1 in the paratype. The fore wing upperside in the basal, discal and postdiscal areas is copper- coloured with suffusion of dark scales and eight black spots, in general it is darker than in other Siberian subspecies. The brown-grey margin is about 2 mm wide. The fore wing apex seems to be more acute and the angle of the outer and anal margins more blunt than in the subspecies phlaeas and polaris. The hind wing upperside is ash-grey with, an orange streak 1.3-1.5 mm wide, with waving outer margin, along the wing outer margin. The underside is light-grey, in the central area of the fore wing it is yellowish-orange, generally noticeablylighter than in other Siberian subspecies. The pattern of black spot repeats that of phlaeas and polaris. The orange submarginal spots are almost invisible in the holotype and are represented by a fragmented streak, containing of five strokes, indented to 1.5-2 mm of the wing outer margin. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 14.07.83, Kamchatka, Ganal'skaya Tundra, (V.N.Olshvang). A paratype: a male - 14.07.83 the same locality." Note: To my mind, this is not a subspecies but just one more variety of this greatly variable species. There are specimens from Kamchatka in the ISEA collection quite different from the described one. Heodes alciphron rubidus Korshunov, 1995 The name was proposed in Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) as follows: "...A male from Mongolia described by Yu.P. Kosrhunov (1977) is designated here as Heodes alciphron rubidus Korsunov, sbsp. n. Additional material: a female - 16.07.1939, the Chita River headwaters (E.I. Pavlova)". Translation of the cited description, which should be considered as the original description of the subspecies, is follwoing: "Central [Aimak]: the stow Sudzukte, 15-16 VII 1925, 1 male [(P.K. Kozlov, E.V. Kozlova and colleagues)]. MALE: The fore wing length is 16 mm. The violet flash on the wings is more weak expressed than in the typical form (the butterfly looks reddish), while the dark spots on the fore wing are more contrasted, especially in the cell. Almost double spots at the hind margin of the fore wing are well seen. On the hind wing underside the dark spots of the second row internally of the orange streak are not round, as in the typical form, but somewhat elongate, they are not ringed with light rims. The genitalia scarcely differ from the type." Plebejus argus caerulea P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "... Blue upperside ground colour is found also in the males of P. argus from Central Yakutia. They approach by a number of external features to Plebejus tancrei verknojanicus, known from Yakutia, but well differ from them by the genitalia (see Appendix). We describe them here as Plebejus argus caerulea P. Gorbunov, sbsp. n. HOLOTYPE: - a male. F.w.l.: 12.5 mm. The wing upperside is glittering-blue, whereas violet in other Siberian subspeceis. The dark border is about 1 mm wide, on the hind wing it is contacted by blask spots situated between the veins. The wing underside ground colour is pale-grey, a bit darker than in the South Yakutian butterflies of ssp. clarasiatica. On the fore wing upperside the marginal spots are small, clear-cut, the row of the postdiscal spots is less curved than in ssp. clarasiatica. MATERIALS: the holotype: a male - 28.06.1992, Central Yakutia, the Yakutsk city, the Botany Garden, a meadow on a larch wood edge (P. Gorbunov). Paratypes: a male - 28.06.1992, the same locality; 2 males - 2.07.1968, Yakutia (Zakharov)" Note: in fact this taxon resulted from confsion of the genitalia preparations, the characters described belonged to a specimen of Plebejus tancrei (P. Gorbunov, personal communication). Aricia eumedon fylgides P. Gorbunov, 1995. Original description: "...All the specimens from Kamchatka, known to us, have no white beam on the hind wing underside and are characterized by the black dots and orange spots (in males) of the hind wing underside smaller than in typical butterflies. We describe them as a subspecies Aricia eumedon fylgides P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. MALE. F.w.l. 11.2-13.0 mm. The wing upperside is evenly dark- brown. The wing underside ground colour is ash-grey. Five postdiscal spots on the fore wing and six on the hind wing are significantly smaller than in the nominotypical subspecies. The black discal spot on the fore wing is as well smaller. The discal spot on the hind wing is white, triangular in shape, in two paratypes with black scales in the centre. The white beam is absent. Dark spots at the fore wing outer margin are reduced to traces, the orange spots (peculiar to the subspecies eumedon) are not seen here. On the fore wing underside the orange spots are smallet than in the subspecies eumedon, their size reducing from the anal angle to the apex, the dark lulunes accompanying they internaly are weakly expressed. The hind wing base has a suffusion of glittering blueish scales, the black basal spots are absent or only one of them, closest to the fore margin, is present. The fringe is evenly white. FEMALE. F.w.l. 13.4-14.2 mm. The wing upperside is brown with three orange lunules at the anal angle of the hind wing. The wing underside ground colour is brown-grey. The basal. discal and the postdiscal black spots are as in males. The orange submarginal spots are much larger, 3-4 of such pale-orange spots are present also on the fore wing. The black lunules (internally) and black dots (externally) accompanying the orange spots are less expressed than in the nominotypical subspecies. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 22.07.1983, Kamchatka, Paratunka (V.N. Olshvang). Paratypes: 2 males - 22.07.1983, the same locality; 3 males 1 female - 14.07.1983, Kamchatka, ganal'skaya Tundra (V.N. Olshvang); 3 males 1 female - 6.07.1968, Kamchatka, the Mil'kovo District, the middle flow of the Kavycha River; 4 males - 18.06.1984, Kamchatka, the environs of the city of Petropavlovsk." Polyommatus icarus korshunovi P. Gorbunov, 1995 Original description: "In the populations of S Siberia the appearance of butterflies is very diverse. However, in arid regions in average smaller individuals, with somewhat narrower wings, a whitish wing underside ground colour in males and greyish in females, evidently predominate. The orange submarginal spots in them are smaller than in the butterflies from more northern regions and are isolated from each other. The females have or have not red small submarginal lunules on the wing upperside, which is often substantially suffused with blue scales. Based on these characters we state a subspecies Polyommatus icarus korshunovi P. Gorbunov, sbsp.n. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 26.05.1990, Tuva, the Erzin River valley (V.V. Dubatolov). Paratypes: a male - the same locality; 2 females - 27.07.1972, Tuva, Toora-Khem (Yu.P. Korshunov); a female - 19.08.1962, Tuva, the Tes[-Khem] River (L. Violovich); a fenale and male - 17.06.1963, the same locality; 2 males - 18.06, 1987, Tuva, the Toszha District, Lake Azas, (V. Zinchenko); a male - 1-5.05.1993, Tuva, the Kyzyl city environs (D. Logunov); 2 males - Tuva, the Shivilig-Khem River, a bushy steppe (O. Kosterin); 3 males - 21.06.1907, SE Altai, the Chuiskaya Steppe, Kosh-Agach; a female - 13.07.1097, the Chuiskii Tract road, the Kuraiskaya Steppe [a collector is dropped - it was E.G. Rodd] ; a female - 19.07.1966, SE ALtai, between the mountain Supor and the Chuiskaya Steppe, 2000-2400 m [above the sea level]. Polyommatus icarus omelkoi Dubatolov et Korshunov, 1995 Original description: "Butterflies from the southern Far East differ from the Siberian ones by in average larger size (f.w.l. being 17-19 mm in males, 16.5-18 mm), reduction of the basal suffusion with glittering scales on the hind wing underside, which usually does not extend out of the row of basal spots, enlarged black dots on the wing underside, and a lighter (whitish) wing underside ground colour in males. By these characters we state a subspecies Polyommatus icarus omelkoi Dubatolov et Korshunov, sbsp.n. MATERIALS: The holotype: a male - 17.07.1993, Primorie, the Anuchinskii District, 14 km north of Chernyshevka (V.V. Dubatolov, V.K. Zinchenko). Paratypes: 2 males 2 females - 15.07.1993, the same locality; 1 male - 18.07.1993, 20 km NNW of Chernyshevka, Kamenistyi Klyuch, a road in a montane broad- leaved forest; 4 males - 11 and 13.07.1981, 21.07.1982, 11.07.1985, N Korea (Im Khon An). The subspeceis is named after the surname of Omel'ko, Michail Michailovich, a lepidopterologist at the Ussuriiskii Reservation, an explorer of the life history of a number of butterfly species of S Primorie." Names suggested to replace junior homonyms. The name kurentzovi Korshunov, 1995 has been suggested for the subspecies Pyrgus centaureae sibirica Kurenzov, 1970 (ranging in the Magadan Region and the Koryak Upland and characterized by a darker ground colour of the wing upperside and a reduced white spots on the hind wing upperside), since sibirica Kurenzov is a secondary homonym of Pyrgus sibirica (Reverdin, 1911). The name Colias nastes dezhnevi Korshunov, 1995 has been suggested to replace Colias nastes sibirica Kurenzov, 1970, since the latter was preoccupied by Colias aurora sibirica Lederer, 1852. This subspecies, reported for Chukotka and the Kolyma River basin, has a pale greenish-yellow wing upperside ground colour, the light spots on the hind wing margin are of the ground colour. The name sachelininsis in Clossiana oscarus sachalinensis Matsumura, 1936 was replaced, as an homonym, by the name insularia Korshunov, 1996. The trinomen Erebia euryale iremelica Korshunov, 1995 was proposed to replace Erebia euryale uralensis Goltz, 1930 (= euryaloides auct., nec Tngstrom, 1869) which is a junior homonym for Erebia aethiops uralensis. This subspecies differ from the typical butterflies of Central Europe by small blind ocelli, which reside ona wide brownish-red band on the fore wing and often absent on the hind wing. The subspecies Erebia pandrose orientalis Goltz, 1930, was described for the mountains of S. Siberia, but this name was preoccupated by Erebia epiphron orientalis Elwes, 1900. For this reason I have replaced this name by yernikensis Korshunov, 1994, nom. nov. It differs from the butterflies of N Europe by in general smaller size and more faded colour of the postdiscal field on the fore wing upperside. Pseudochazara tshujaca Korshunov, 1998 (=pallida auct.) Translation of systematic notes: "The form pallida Staudingerm 1901 was stated from specimens from Spain (Granada, Andalusia) and by Elwes' Altaian collections. As still N. J. Kusnezov (1909) has noted, the name pallida is useful for designation of either small and pale butterflies. In this situation it is correct for us to introduce the enw name in a hope that someone who would designate a lectotype of pallida would choose a Spanish specimen and would not attempt to close this our initiative, as it recently took place with lederi and close taxa. The species tshujaca appeared an endemic of Altai, in this respect it resembles a Crimean euxina. While in Crimea an island isolation explains much, in Altai the reasons were perhaps more complicated, perhaps gene drift or a special reaction to extremum highland condition. The male genital apparatus is slightly affected, there is no specific differences from hippolyte, as well as in euxina. V. Ivonin has noticed that in tshujaka and hippolyte, except for the difference in the visible androconial spots, there is a difference in the androconial scales and as well on disposition and colour of scales on the antennal club: in hyppolyte the entire club is scale-clad while in tshujaca only in part." A name otton Korshunov, 1996 was proposed for a subspecies of Plebejus lucifer instead of biton Bremer, 1861, which is a primary homonym to biton Sulz, 1776 - a subspecies of Polyommatus damon (D. et Sch., 1775). A name Aricia nicias kolosovi Korshunov, 1995 was proposed pro Lycaena nicias septentrionalis Krulikowsky in Seitz, 1909, nec. Lycaena icarus septentrionalis Fusch, 1900, differing from the Central European butterflies by a paler wing underside and in average narrower marginal band in males. REFERENCES Jong, de, R. 1972. Systematic and evolution of Palaearctic Spialia species (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). - Tijdschr. Entomol., 117: 225-271 Korshunov, Yu. P. 1977. [Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) of tthe Mongolian People's Republic. II]. - In: Nasekomye Mongolii [Insects of Mongolia], iss. 5. Leningrad. P. 649-681. [In Russian]. Korshunov, Yu. P. 1985. [Notes on the systematics of the butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) of the USSR fauna]. - In: Sistematika i ekologiya chlenistonogikh i gel'mintov [Systematics and Ecology of Arthropods and Helmints]. Nauka, the Siberian Division, Novosibirsk. pp. 62-66. [In Russian] Korshunov, Yu. 1996. Dopolneniya i ispravleniya k knige Dnevnye babochki aziatskoi chasti Rossii [Additions and corrections to the book "Butterflies of the Asian part of Russia"]. Publishing group "ETa Grp", Novosibirsk. 66 p. [in Russian] Korshunov, Yu. P. Novye opisaniya i utochneniya dlya knigi "Dnevnye babochki aziatskoi chasti Rossii" [New Descriptions and Specifications for the book 'Butterflies of Asian part of Russia']. - Novosibirsk - 1998 - 71 p. [in Russian] Korshunov, Yu., P. Gorbunov. 1995. Dnevnye babochki Aziatskoi chasti Rossii. Spravochnik. [Butterflies of the Asian part of Russia. A handbook]. Ekaterinburg State Yniversity Press, Ekaterinburg. 202 p. [In Russian] Kosterin, O.E. 1993. Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Diurna) of the Koni Peninsula (Magadan Region). Actias (Russian Journal of Scientific Lepidopterology). 1-2:77-81. Kurenzov, A.I. 1970. Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dal'nego Vostoka SSSR: opredelitel' [Butterflies of the Far East of the USSR: a guide]. Nauka, Leningrad. 164 p. [in Russian] Lukhtanov, V., A. Lukhtanov. 1994. Die Tagfalter Nordwestasiens. Herbipoliana, 3. heransgeber: Dr. Ulf Eitschberger, Marktletleuthen. 440 S, 55 Taf.